Biochemistry of lipolytic enzymes secreted byPenicillium solitumandCladosporium cladosporioides

Abstract

Two distinct extracellular lipases were obtained from Penicillium solitum 194A, isolated from domestic compost, and Cladosporium cladosporioides 194B, isolated from dairy wastewater. These alkaline enzymes had molecular masses of 42 and 30 kDa, respectively. The P. solitum 194A lipase differed in mass from previously reported enzyme, indicating that it is a novel lipase, and indicating that penicillia can secrete lipase isoenzymes. The C. cladosporioides lipase was more active on esters of medium-chain acids, whereas the P. solitum lipase was more active on longer chained substrates. The C. cladosporioides enzyme displayed higher thermal stability than the P. solitum lipase, preserving full activity up to 48 °C and showing a T50 (10 min) of 60 °C. Their different catalytic properties and good protein stability should make these enzymes suitable for biotechnological applications. Furthermore, the combined use of these two fungal strains may prove to be valuable in lipid-rich waste management.

Fungi Isolated from Maize (Zea mays L.) Grains and Production of Associated Enzyme Activities

“…Among of the 25 fungi with lipase activity, the two isolates of C. cladosporioides had the highest EI followed by P. digitatum , A. wentii , S. zeae , E. nigrum , H. burtonii , I. lacteus and F. incarnatum-equiseti (all with an EI ≥ 2.0) ( Table 2 , Figure 3 ). The production of lipases by C. cladosporioides [ 39 ], A. wentii [ 40 ], E. nigrum [ 25 ] and H. burtonii [ 18 ] has been previously reported. Nevertheless, the production of lipase by P. digitatum , S. zeae , I. lacteus and F. incarnatum-equiseti in solid medium was unknown.…”

“…Nevertheless, the production of lipase by P. digitatum , S. zeae , I. lacteus and F. incarnatum-equiseti in solid medium was unknown. The enzyme from C. cladosporium was formerly characterized and it is more active on esters of medium-chain acids [ 39 ]. A liquid culture optimization has been performed to produce lipase from A. wentii [ 40 ], but its enzyme has not been characterized.…”

“…The results for the quantitative analysis of enzyme production are presented in Figure 4 . A known producer ( H. burtonii for amylase [ 28 ] and C. cladosporioides for cellulase, protease and lipase [ 32 , 36 , 39 ]) and a novel producer were evaluated for each enzyme. It is possible to see that the novel producers have a similar profile on enzyme production than the known producers.…”

Seleção de espécies do gênero <i>Penicillium</i> produtoras de lipase ligada ao micélio para aplicação na hidrólise de óleos vegetais

“…Entre estas, os gêneros Pseudomonas e Burkholderia possuem propriedades únicas, tais como elevada estabilidade térmica, enantio-seletividade e alta atividade em uma ampla faixa de pH, permitindo que ambos os grupos de bactérias atuem como catalisadores escolhidos pela maioria dos químicos orgânicos e farmacologistas (RAMANI et al, 2010). Desde então, muitos trabalhos vêm explorando a viabilidade de fungos para a produção de enzimas com propriedades atrativas como: estabilidade em pH alcalinos (CHINAGLIA et al, 2014) estabilidade térmica, especificidade pelo substrato e estabilidade em solventes orgânicos (LI et al, 2010).…”

“…A maioria das lipases apresenta uma faixa ótima de atividade e estabilidade entre pH 6,0 e 8,0 e temperatura ótima para atividade entre 40 e 60 °C. Fonte: Adaptado de Li et al, (2010), Chinaglia et al, (2014).…”