Biocompatibility of Apatite Ceramics in Mandibles

Abstract

Apatite ceramics composed of synthetic hydroxyapatite, Ca10(PO4)6(OH)2 were implanted in mandibles of adults dogs. The histological observations indicated that the apatite ceramic was closely contacted with newly formed bone tissue without any rejection phenomenon up to 2 weeks. An electron micrograph of non-decalcified ultra-thin section at 8 weeks showed that the apatite ceramic was directly bonded to newly formed bone and the mineralized bone tissue was grown into the micro pores of the ceramics independent on the pore size. It seemed that the outer surface of the apatite was exchanged by bone tissue. From these results it was considered that the apatite ceramic was a successful implant material in dental and surgical fields.

Osteogenic capacity of rat and human marrow cells in porous ceramics: Experiments in athymic (nude) mice

“…phosphate ceramics show no toxicity or immunologic response (Cameron et al 1977, Kato et al 1979, deGroot 1980, Jarcho 1981, Holmes et al 1984. They bond directly to bone (Jarcho 1981, Osborn andNewsely 1982), but have no osteogenic properties (Jarcho 1981, Ohgushi et al 1989a.…”

Stem cell technology and bioceramics: From cell to gene engineering

“…In this regard, when certain types of glass ceramics and calcium phosphate ceramics are implanted, chemical bonding is established between the regenerated bone tissue and the surface of the implant. [12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20] This bone/ceramic interface is very strong and stable and, upon loading, breakage usually occurs inside the bone or ceramic, but not at the interface.…”

“…After discovery of the bonding property of the glasses and glass ceramics, hydroxyapatite (HA) ceramic and other types of calcium phosphate ceramics were found to show this bioactive property. [19][20][21][22][23][24][25][26][27][28][29][30] These bioactive ceramics show surface changes, including dissolution and precipitation phenomena, which lead to carbonate-containing HA precipitation on the ceramic surface. In contrast, nonbioactive ceramics show neither the precipitation nor bone bonding.…”

A study of the mechanical strength of long bone defects treated with various bone autograft substitutes: An experimental investigation in the rabbit

“…Other materials such as hydroxylapatite (5, 12,15,21), freeze-dried bone (2, 20), and collagen (1 1, 19) have also been advocated. A synthetic substance (such as hydroxylapatite) which functions well as a bone graft substitute would be quite desirable because of its ready availability and easy sterilization.…”