Biocontained Mortality Compost Using Liquid Manure

Stanford, Kim; McAllister, Tim A.; Reuter, Tim; Xu, Weiping; Moyer, J. R.; Larney, Francis J.

doi:10.1080/1065657x.2009.10702417

Cited by 5 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 37 publications

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“…Avena fatua seed viability was not consistently affected by 24-h rumen digestion by cattle; however, ensiling for 8 wk destroyed seed viability (Blackshaw and Rode 1991). All compost treatments involving liquid manure (80% water content) from dairies eliminated A. fatua seed viability over a 52-d period (Stanford et al 2009). Avena fatua seeds were nonviable after 4 wk of composting feedlot manure situated in windrows with core temperatures reaching 55 to 658C (Tompkins et al 1998).…”

Section: Response To Other Human Manipulationsmentioning

confidence: 92%

The Biology of Canadian Weeds. 27.Avena fatuaL. (updated)

Beckie

FrancisArdath²,

HallLinda

2012

Can. J. Plant Sci.

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L. M. 2012. The Biology of Canadian Weeds. 27. Avena fatua L. (Updated). Can. J. Plant Sci. 92:1329Á1357. An updated review of biological information is provided for Avena fatua. A widespread species originating in Eurasia, A. fatua is one of the 10 worst annual weeds of temperate agricultural regions of the world. Key weediness traits of this highly selfing species include fecundity, seed shatter, and a large and persistent seed bank with variable degrees of primary seed dormancy. The species occurs in all Canadian provinces and most states in the USA. In Canada, it is most troublesome as a weed in the prairies, where it has spread throughout crop areas in all climatic zones. Depending upon plant density and relative time of emergence, A. fatua competition may reduce annual crop yields by as much as 70%. First cohort emergence of A. fatua coincides with planting and emergence of spring-seeded crops, although additional cohorts can emerge throughout the growing season. Avena fatua is more abundant in zerothan intensive-tillage systems; the former regime promotes earlier and greater emergence because of a shallower and less persistent seed bank. Despite the introduction of highly efficacious herbicides in the 1970s and 1980s, abundance of the species has not declined across the Canadian prairies or elsewhere. The continual evolution of herbicide-resistant A. fatua populations, seed spread via farm machinery, and limited herbicide modes of action for its control threaten sustained annual field crop production in many temperate agricultural areas. Further adoption and integration of multiple non-herbicidal weed management practices, such as enhanced crop seeding rate, competitive crops and cultivars, and precision fertilizer placement, should help mitigate A. fatua interference. The species has some beneficial uses as an alternative feed and food constituent or industrial feedstock, as well as potential in cultivated oat (Avena sativa L.) improvement. Key words: Avena fatua, wild oat, folle avoine, weed biology Beckie, H. J., Francis, A. et Hall, L. M. 2012. La biologie des mauvaises herbes au Canada. 27. Avena fatua L. (mise aj our). Can. J. Plant Sci. 92: 1329Á1357. L'article propose une mise au point sur la biologie d'Avena fatua. Espe`ce d'Eurasie largement re´pandue, la folle avoine figure parmi les dix pires adventices annuelles dans les re´gions agricoles ac limat tempe´re´du monde.Les principaux caracte`res qui font de cette espe`ce autofe´conde´e une mauvaise herbe sont la fe´condite´, l'e´gre`nement et un important re´servoir de graines persistantes a`dormance primaire de degre´variable. La folle avoine existe dans toutes les provinces du Canada et dans la majorite´des É tats ame´ricains. Au Canada, elle s'ave`re particulie`rement proble´matique dans les Prairies, ou`elle a gagne´les re´gions cultive´es de toutes les zones climatiques. Selon la densite´du peuplement et le moment relatif ou`a lieu la leve´e, A. fatua peut re´duire le rendement des cultures annuelles de jusqu'a`70 %. La germination de la pre...

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Section: Response To Other Human Manipulationsmentioning

confidence: 92%

The Biology of Canadian Weeds. 27.Avena fatuaL. (updated)

Beckie

FrancisArdath²,

HallLinda

2012

Can. J. Plant Sci.

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“…Mortality composting has been successfully applied in both routine and emergency disposal of poultry and birds (Murphy and Handwerker, 1988;Blake and Donald, 1993;Carter, 1993;Bendfeldt et al, 2005a,b), and has been used for the disposal of livestock carcasses Stanford et al, 2009). Although rendering is commonly utilized for disposal of cattle carcasses, Federal Food and Drug Administration rules, which took effect in October 2009, place restrictions on rendering for cattle over 30 months of age (Code of federal regulations, 2010).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Methane and carbon dioxide production from simulated anaerobic degradation of cattle carcasses

Qi¹,

Saunders²,

Bartelt–Hunt³

2012

Waste Management

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“…Round‐leaved mallow was not germinable after 42 days, and none of the weed species were viable by day 91. Composting a mixture of liquid manure and straw (≥42% water content) eliminated the viability of wild oats, but actually increased the viability of wild buckwheat after 52 days 24. In that study, compost temperature in the treatments that improved buckwheat germination peaked at 48.6 °C, thus the improvement may have been related to the degree of physical dormancy or hard seed coats as suggested by Blackshaw and Rode 25.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 50%