2018
DOI: 10.3390/app8091567
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Biodegradable Contrast Agents for Photoacoustic Imaging

Abstract: Over the past twenty years, photoacoustics—also called optoacoustics—have been widely investigated and, in particular, extensively applied in biomedical imaging as an emerging modality. Photoacoustic imaging (PAI) detects an ultrasound wave that is generated via photoexcitation and thermoelastic expansion by a short nanosecond laser pulse, which significantly reduces light and acoustic scattering, more than in other typical optical imaging and renders high-resolution tomographic images with preserving high abs… Show more

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Cited by 23 publications
(18 citation statements)
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“…8 Additionally, to delineate transparent organs such as lymph nodes, gastrointestinal tracts, and bladders, labeled imaging has also been performed using several contrast agents, such as indocyanine green or methylene blue. [9][10][11][12] The second window of the NIR (NIR-II) region, also called short-wave infrared region (SWIR, defined here as 1100 to 2000 nm), is of current interest due to the relative low levels of scattering and the high-maximum permissible exposure compared with the NIR-I region. [12][13][14][15] Additionally, in the SWIR band, we find the optical absorption peaks of water, collagen, and lipids, three major molecules of human tissues.…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…8 Additionally, to delineate transparent organs such as lymph nodes, gastrointestinal tracts, and bladders, labeled imaging has also been performed using several contrast agents, such as indocyanine green or methylene blue. [9][10][11][12] The second window of the NIR (NIR-II) region, also called short-wave infrared region (SWIR, defined here as 1100 to 2000 nm), is of current interest due to the relative low levels of scattering and the high-maximum permissible exposure compared with the NIR-I region. [12][13][14][15] Additionally, in the SWIR band, we find the optical absorption peaks of water, collagen, and lipids, three major molecules of human tissues.…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…In addition to the ICG-based PA imaging shown here, many other types of promising nanoparticles could also be used as contrast agents for in vivo PA imaging [37][38][39][40][41][42][43]. For example, gold nanoparticles (e.g., nanorods and nanocages), single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWNTs) and quantum dots (QDs) can all be detected using PA imaging [39,40]. ICG itself can also be encapsulated in different nanoparticle formulations for specific imaging applications [41].…”
Section: Discussionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Polymer encapsulation is often used for small molecular dyes, which often consist of huge and conjugated hydrocarbon systems that are hydrophobic; thus, insoluble in water. Therefore, a polymer capsule is added to grant water solubility and surface for functionalization [ 43 , 70 , 71 ].…”
Section: Exogenous Contrast Agentsmentioning
confidence: 99%