Biodegradable Iron-Based Materials—What Was Done and What More Can Be Done?

Gąsior, Gabriela; Szczepański, Jonasz; Radtke, Aleksandra

doi:10.3390/ma14123381

Cited by 52 publications

(33 citation statements)

References 156 publications

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“…Iron, iron alloys, iron-matrix composites, and iron compounds are some of the materials under consideration for the potential use in biodegradable medical devices [ 1 , 2 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Microstructural, Mechanical and Corrosion Characteristics of Degradable PM Biomaterials Made from Copper-Coated Iron Powders

et al. 2022

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Copper-containing iron-based materials have recently been recognized as potential biomaterials possessing antimicrobial ability. Since then, iron-copper systems have been prepared by different methods and investigated. This article is focused on PM materials made from composite powders. The powders, each particle of which consisted of an iron core and a copper shell, were prepared by electroplating. Test-pieces with copper contents of 0, 3.2, and 8 wt.% were fabricated by pressing and sintering from iron and composite powders. Some microstructural, mechanical, and corrosion characteristics of test-pieces were examined. Microstructures were composed of pores and iron grains with alloyed peripheral regions and copper-free cores. As the copper content in test-pieces was increased, their density and Young’s modulus decreased, and macrohardness, corrosion potential and corrosion current density increased. Likely causes of density and Young’s modulus reduction were higher porosity, low enough copper content, and compliant inclusions in stiff matrix. The increase in macrohardness was attributed to the precipitation hardening which prevailed over softening induced by pores. The increase in corrosion potential and corrosion current density was most likely due to the presence of more noble phase providing surfaces for a faster cathodic reaction.

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“…Iron, iron alloys, iron-matrix composites, and iron compounds are some of the materials under consideration for the potential use in biodegradable medical devices [ 1 , 2 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Microstructural, Mechanical and Corrosion Characteristics of Degradable PM Biomaterials Made from Copper-Coated Iron Powders

et al. 2022

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“…However, a faster corrosion rate is required for corrodible iron implants. Recently, valuable efforts have been made to affect corrosion rate by alloying or surface modifications of pure iron [18,19]. Herewith, the corrosion rate of iron can be increased to the required values [20].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Corrosion Behavior of Zn, Fe and Fe-Zn Powder Materials Prepared via Uniaxial Compression

et al. 2021

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Powder metallurgy is one of the most prevalent ways for metallic degradable materials preparation. Knowledge of the properties of initial powders used during this procedure is therefore of great importance. Two different metals, iron and zinc, were selected and studied in this paper due to their promising properties in the field of biodegradable implants. Raw powders were studied using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) coupled with energy dispersive spectrometry (EDX). Powders (Fe, Zn and Fe-Zn in a weight ratio of 1:1) were then compressed at the pressure of 545 MPa to the form of pellets with a diameter of 1.7 cm. Surface morphology and degradation behavior in the Hanks´ solution were studied and evaluated. Electrochemical polarization tests along with the static immersion tests carried out for 21 days were employed for corrosion behavior characterization. The highest corrosion rate was observed for pure Zn powder followed by the Fe-Zn and Fe, respectively. A mixed Fe-Zn sample showed similar properties as pure zinc with no signs of iron degradation after 21 days due to the effect of galvanic protection secured by the zinc acting as a sacrificial anode.

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“…Although degradable metallic materials are designed to dissolve within time, the surface properties are of outmost importance to regulate the corrosion and host response of this initial interface between the medical implant and biological environment [ 14 , 15 , [61] , [62] , [63] , [64] , [65] , [66] , [67] ]. Natural and induced oxide layers have been show to increase the surface corrosion resistance and enhance cell compatibility [ 68 , 69 ]. However, scales formed during manufacturing process leads to an uncertain and heterogeneous thick oxide layer with cracks, spallation, porosity and inclusions [ [70] , [71] , [72] , [73] ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Surface processing for iron-based degradable alloys: A preliminary study on the importance of acid pickling

Andrade

Paternoster

Chevallier

et al. 2022

Bioactive Materials

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The formation of a heterogeneous oxidized layer, also called scale, on metallic surfaces is widely recognized as a rapid manufacturing event for metals and their alloys. Partial or total removal of the scale represents a mandatory integrated step for the industrial fabrication processes of medical devices. For biodegradable metals, acid pickling has already been reported as a preliminary surface preparation given further processes, such as electropolishing. Unfortunately, biodegradable medical prototypes presented discrepancies concerning acid pickling studies based on samples with less complex geometry (e.g., non-uniform scale removal and rougher surface). Indeed, this translational knowledge lacks a detailed investigation on this process, deep characterization of treated surfaces properties, as well as a comprehensive discussion of the involved mechanisms. In this study, the effects of different acidic media (HCl, HNO 3 , H 3 PO 4 , CH 3 COOH, H 2 SO 4 and HF), maintained at different temperatures (21 and 60 °C) for various exposition time (15–240 s), on the chemical composition and surface properties of a Fe–13Mn-1.2C biodegradable alloy were investigated. Changes in mass loss, morphology and wettability evidenced the combined effect of temperature and time for all conditions. Pickling in HCl and HF solutions favor mass loss (0.03–0.1 g/cm 2 ) and effectively remove the initial scale.

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Biodegradable Iron-Based Materials—What Was Done and What More Can Be Done?

Cited by 52 publications

References 156 publications

Microstructural, Mechanical and Corrosion Characteristics of Degradable PM Biomaterials Made from Copper-Coated Iron Powders

Microstructural, Mechanical and Corrosion Characteristics of Degradable PM Biomaterials Made from Copper-Coated Iron Powders

Corrosion Behavior of Zn, Fe and Fe-Zn Powder Materials Prepared via Uniaxial Compression

Surface processing for iron-based degradable alloys: A preliminary study on the importance of acid pickling

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