Biodegradation of nitrobenzene by a sequential anaerobic-aerobic process

Dickel, Olaf; Haug, Wolfgang; Knackmuss, Hans‐Joachim

doi:10.1007/bf00695121

Cited by 92 publications

(45 citation statements)

References 21 publications

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“…After adaptation of the microbial population, nitrobenzene is stoichiometrically reduced to aniline. In the subsequent aerobic process aniline is mineralized and utilized by the indigenous aniline-degrading bacteria of activated sludge, as shown by Dickel et al (6).…”

Section: Transformations Under Anaerobic Conditionsmentioning

confidence: 93%

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Basic Knowledge and Perspectives on Biodegradation of 2,4,6-Trinitrotoluene and Related Nitroaromatic Compounds in Contaminated Soil

Rieger

Knackmuss

1995

Biodegradation of Nitroaromatic Compounds

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193

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Section: Transformations Under Anaerobic Conditionsmentioning

confidence: 93%

“…Surprisingly, some of these bacteria, originally isolated by use of a readily degradable carbon source (e.g. succinate), could also mineralize these compounds completely (3,6). From the very beginning of growth the nitroaromatic compound was degraded and nitrite was released, irrespective of whether ammonia was present in the growth medium.…”

Section: Hnpamentioning

confidence: 99%

Basic Knowledge and Perspectives on Biodegradation of 2,4,6-Trinitrotoluene and Related Nitroaromatic Compounds in Contaminated Soil

Rieger

Knackmuss

1995

Biodegradation of Nitroaromatic Compounds

Self Cite

208

193

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“…This was particularly evident for THNM, which among their precursors moieties contain nitro groups, which may have been reduced in anoxic phases. This observation is consistent with previous observations made in wastewater treatment demonstrating the degradation of nitrobenzene to aniline under anoxic condition (Dickel et al, 1993).…”

Section: The Impact Of Redox Conditions On the Removal Of Docsupporting

confidence: 94%

Novel chemical and biological pre-treatments to improve water quality in drinking water treatment

Liu¹

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Natural organic matter (NOM) is ubiquitous in surface water and the reactions between NOM and free chlorine can generate undesired disinfection by-products (DBPs). Therefore, an adequate degree of NOM removal is important for drinking water treatment plants (WTPs). Recently, the long-established approach of biofiltration applied as pre-treatment, including riverbank filtration (RBF) and slow sand filtration (SSL), has attracted attention for its relatively low cost and reliable performance in improving the quality of surface waters. Thus, the overall aim of this thesis is to gain in-depth understanding of NOM and DBP precursors removal during the biofiltration process and to develop approaches to improve the performance of the biofiltration.Firstly, a novel enhanced zero valent iron (ZVI) process that employs granular activated carbon as interspersed cathodes was evaluated as a pre-treatment step in drinking water production to remove NOM. Lab-scale batch tests indicated that, in the GAC enhanced-ZVI process, dissolved organic carbon (DOC) and ultraviolet absorbance at 254 nm (UV 254 ) were reduced by 61±3% and 70±2%, respectively, during 24 h treatment corresponding to 1.8 minutes empty bed contact time (EBCT).This process was superior to ZVI alone, GAC alone, and the sum of ZVI alone and GAC alone, confirming the synergic mechanism leading to increased iron dissolution rate. The dominant mechanism in terms of NOM removal during enhanced-ZVI was found to be coagulation following iron dissolution, while oxidation was occurring to a lesser degree, converting some nonbiodegradable into biodegradable DOC (BDOC). Therefore, the enhanced-ZVI process has the potential to improve biodegradation in a subsequent biofiltration step.Then, the long-term performance of the enhanced-ZVI process and its synergy with the subsequent biofiltration were investigated. Lab-scale flow-through experiments showed that, after 10,000-bed volumes, the enhanced-ZVI bed became passivated. However, sulphuric acid was able to regenerate the passivated enhanced-ZVI bed, recover the capacity of enhanced-ZVI in removing NOM, and hence make the best use of the available ZVI. The acidic rinsing solution containing dissolved iron was suitable as a supplemental source of iron for coagulation. In addition, during the long-term experiments, the biofilters (6 mins EBCT) following enhanced-ZVI (1.8 mins EBCT) removed more NOM than biofilters without any pre-treatment. This could be explained by the formation of BDOC during the enhanced-ZVI process and the precipitation of iron in the biofilters. Based on these findings, a novel water treatment train, incorporating enhanced-ZVI with periodical regeneration, biofiltration, and coagulation/filtration, was proposed and evaluated.ii Lab-scale biofiltration experiments (with 6 days hydraulic retention time (HRT)) were conducted with raw water from a water treatment plant, and the results showed that biodegradation is the main NOM removal mechanism for biofiltration. With the consumption of dissolved o...

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“…The US Environmental Protection Agency based on known or suspected carcinogenicity, mutagenicity, teratogenicity, and high acute toxicity designate NB as a "priority pollutant" (Kulkarni and Chaudhari, 2007). Furthermore, because of its persistence in the environment NB poses potential public health risks and hazards (Yu-nan et al, 2009;Razo-Flores et al, 1997;Dickel et al, 1993;Majumder and Gupta, 2003).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Nitrobenzene degradation pathways and their interaction with sulfur and nitrogen transformations in horizontal subsurface flow constructed wetlands

Kirui

Lei

et al. 2015

Ecological Engineering

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Biodegradation of nitrobenzene by a sequential anaerobic-aerobic process

Cited by 92 publications

References 21 publications

Basic Knowledge and Perspectives on Biodegradation of 2,4,6-Trinitrotoluene and Related Nitroaromatic Compounds in Contaminated Soil

Basic Knowledge and Perspectives on Biodegradation of 2,4,6-Trinitrotoluene and Related Nitroaromatic Compounds in Contaminated Soil

Novel chemical and biological pre-treatments to improve water quality in drinking water treatment

Nitrobenzene degradation pathways and their interaction with sulfur and nitrogen transformations in horizontal subsurface flow constructed wetlands

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