Biodegradation of Total Petroleum Hydrocarbon by a Consortium of Cyanobacteria Isolated from Crude Oil Polluted Brackish Waters of Bodo Creeks in Ogoniland, Rivers State

Abstract

This study was carried out to determine the capability of isolated cyanobacteria species from crude oil polluted Bodo creek. Isolation of pure cultures of cyanobacteria was done and the isolates obtained were identified molecularly on the basis of 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis. The 16S rRNA sequencing for identification of the isolates generated sequences ranging from $600 bp and a 250 bp size PCR amplified fragment. The nucleotide sequence of the 16S rRNA gene was compared with published 16S rRNA sequences using BLAST search at the data base of National Center for Biotechnology Information (NCBI). Biodegradation of petroleum hydrocarbon by the isolates was monitored using GC-FID (Agilent 6890 model) for 49 days. The initial quantity of TPH was 29882 and 753.7 mg LG 1 on day 0 and day 49, respectively. Loss of TPH was statistically significant using one way analysis of variance (ANOVA) p<0.05 with time.

Aerobic Degradation of Fluoranthene, Benzo(b)Fluoranthene and Benzo(k) Fluoranthene by Aerobic Heterotrophic Bacteria- Cyanobacteria Interaction in Brackish Water of Bodo Creek

“…The first ring fission event of the benzo(k)fluoranthene molecule occurred by ortho-ring cleavage and resulted in 8-carboxyfluoranthenyl-9-propenic acid, a product that corresponded to [M -H] − = 315, and this is the first report of this product from PAH biodegradation [24]. Ichor et al [1,36] reported on effective biodegradation of total petroleum hydrocarbons and mineralization of phenanthrene a LMW PAHs by the consortium of aerobic heterotrophic bacteria and cyanobacteria from Bodo creek respectively.…”

“…BG-11 aqueous medium was prepared and inoculated with water and filterates from sediment samples using different medium-water volume ratio as described in Ichor et al [1]. The set up was supplemented with ciprofloxacin and nystatin in order to avoid bacteria and fungi growth.…”

“…The set up was supplemented with ciprofloxacin and nystatin in order to avoid bacteria and fungi growth. Incubation was done by using a cotton wool to cork the Erlenmeyer flask and exposed to natural sunlight for 12 hr and darkness for 12 hr for 14 days under ambient temperature as described by Ichor et al [1]. This was shaken twice every day to prevent sedimentation of the nutrients in BG-11 medium.…”

“…This was supplemented with CuSO 4 and nystatin to prevent the growth of cyanobacteria and fungi [1].…”

“…Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) are reportedly toxic, ubiquitous, and organic compounds that can persist in the environment [1,2] and are largely released into the environment due to incomplete combustion of fossil fuels [3]. Yu et al [4] posited that fluoranthene is a major component of petroleum sludge; it is also reported to be a nonalternant high-molecular-weight PAH that has a five-member ring which has the same structure when compared with other compounds such as dibenzodioxin, dibenzofuran, acenaphthylene, carbazole, fluorene, and dibenzothiophene [2,5].…”