Biodiesel Production from Microalgae by Extraction – Transesterification Method

Thảo, Nguyễn Thị Phương; Tin, Nguyen Thanh; Thanh, Bui Xuan

doi:10.12777/wastech.1.1.6-9

Cited by 4 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 7 publications

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“…It was reported that biodiesel of good quality can be produced from microalgae in the reaction condition of 3.4:1 methanol to dry biomass (v/w) ratio with 0.6:1 catalyst loading to dry algae (v/w) temperature at 75 ⁰C in 35 minutes and fatty acid were analysed using GC (Thao et al, 2013). In this study, algal oil extraction procedure was adapted from the protocol described by Bligh andDyer in 1959 (Bligh &Dyer, 1959).…”

Section: Fatty Acid Extractionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Biodiesel production from microalgae through experimental investigation of transesterification conditions reported that 3.4:1 methanol dry algal biomass ratio with 35 minutes reaction time and 0.6:1 catalyst to dry biomass ration was the most efficient in experimental process. In this condition, 60% lipids could be achieved from dry algal biomass (Thao et al, 2013). (Lee et al, 2011) 7…”

Section: Best Outputs Of Different Studiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Isolation Purification and Culturing of Cyanobacteria and Microalgae towards Biodiesel Production: Current Status

Hossain¹,

Ratnayake²,

Kumara³

2016

AJBB

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The experimental design and techniques for biofuel production from different feedstock varies depending on geographical region, water sources (fresh water, sea water, waste water or brackish water) and overall, available species variations. Also the sampling, culture conditions, isolation, purification of cultures, harvesting, fatty acid extraction followed by conversion of extracted lipids to biofuel followed different methods in different studies. Therefore, it is a demand to simplify the techniques, improve the methods, and develop the efficiencies with less laborious inputs but rapid and best outcomes. Biofuel production research should focus not only selecting suitable biomass or obtaining high yield of lipids but also look for economically feasible method along with sufficient and continuous supply of biomass. Considering these, cyanobacteria and microalgae creates a great potential for biofuel production. In this review, we focused on compiling different materials and methods used for different studies and their best outputs towards biofuel production from cyanobacteria and micro-algae.

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Section: Fatty Acid Extractionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Best Outputs Of Different Studiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Isolation Purification and Culturing of Cyanobacteria and Microalgae towards Biodiesel Production: Current Status

Hossain¹,

Ratnayake²,

Kumara³

2016

AJBB

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“…Due to low cost and higher reactivity, methanol is preferred for this reaction but other alcohols such as ethanol, propanol, amyl alcohol, butanol also shows good reactivity. Microalgae lipids consist of triglyceride chains which undergoes transesterification reaction in three steps, yielding diglyceride in first step, followed by formation of monoglyceride in second step and subsequently forming fatty acid methyl ester as the final product and glycerol as the byproduct in third step (Thao et al 2013;El-Sheekh et al 2016). The overall reaction can be represented as:…”

Section: Lipidsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Similarly, the reaction temperature and time remains directly proportional to the biodiesel yield. The catalyst such as strong acid (H 2 SO 4 ) drives the reaction forward and increase the rate of reaction (Thao et al 2013;Cao et al 2013). The choice of catalyst is based on the free fatty acid (FFA) content of the lipid.…”

Section: Lipidsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Valorization of microalgae biomass into bioproducts promoting circular bioeconomy: a holistic approach of bioremediation and biorefinery

et al. 2021

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The need for alternative source of fuel has demanded the cultivation of 3rd generation feedstock which includes microalgae, seaweed and cyanobacteria. These phototrophic organisms are unique in a sense that they utilise natural sources like sunlight, water and CO 2 for their growth and metabolism thereby producing diverse products that can be processed to produce biofuel, biochemical, nutraceuticals, feed, biofertilizer and other value added products. But due to low biomass productivity and high harvesting cost, microalgae-based production have not received much attention. Therefore, this review provides the state of the art of the microalgae based biorefinery approach to define an economical and sustainable process. The three major segments that need to be considered for economic microalgae biorefinery is low cost nutrient source, efficient harvesting methods and production of by-products with high market value. This review has outlined the use of various wastewater as nutrient source for simultaneous biomass production and bioremediation. Further, it has highlighted the common harvesting methods used for microalgae and also described various products from both raw biomass and delipidified microalgae residues in order to establish a sustainable, economical microalgae biorefinery with a touch of circular bioeconomy. This review has also discussed various challenges to be considered followed by a techno-economic analysis of the microalgae based biorefinery model.

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“…This was brought about by the interaction of other molecules/compounds resulting in increased amounts of by-products. The addition of the catalyst in excess gives rise to the formation of an emulsion, which leads to an increase in viscosity and in the process to the formation of gels [36]. One other disadvantage of high catalyst concentrations, in general, is their corrosive nature which hinders the transesterification reaction [35].…”

Section: Rsm For Optimization Of the Processmentioning

confidence: 99%

In Situ Transesterification of Spirulina Microalgae to Produce Biodiesel Using Microwave Irradiation

2020

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The present technology of transesterification of vegetable oils to produce biodiesel, which is suited to replace petrodiesel, has economic challenges, and therefore, alternative sources are being explored. Microalgae, a renewable, third-generation biofuel resource, have the potential to become a viable feedstock due to their high oil content and environmentally friendly nature. The present study investigates the effect of microwave irradiation on the simultaneous extraction and transesterification of algae lipids to produce fatty acid methyl ester (FAME), in a batch reaction system using sulphuric acid catalyst. In situ transesterification combines the two steps of lipid extraction and transesterification into a single step. The microwave synthesis unit comprised of a 3-neck round bottom flask inside a 1300-Watt microwave oven, fitted with a quick-fit condenser and having an external stirrer. Response surface methodology (RSM) was used to analyse the influence of process variables, dry algae to methanol ratio 1 : 4 − 1 : 14 g / ml , algae biomass to catalyst ratio 1 : 0.0032 − 1 : 0.0368 wt % , and reaction time 1 − 11 min , at 500 rpm stirring rate for in situ reaction. FAME was analysed using gas chromatography (GC). The total lipid content of Arthrospira Spirulina platensis microalgae biomass was found to be 10.7 % by weight. The algae biomass also contained proteins at 51.83 % , moisture content at 7.8 % , and ash content 14.30 % by weight. RSM gave the optimum process conditions as dry algae biomass feed to methanol wt / vol ratio of 1 : 9, catalyst concentration of 2 wt % , and reaction time of 7 minutes for a maximum FAME yield of 83.43 wt % . The major fatty acid composition of FAME was palmitic 43.83 % , linoleic 38.83 % , and linolenic 19.41 % . FAME properties obtained according to European Standards (EN 14214) and American Society for Testing and Materials (ASTM D 6751) standards were as follows: flash point 16 4 o C calorific value 32,911 kJ / kg , acid value 0.475 KOH / g , viscosity 4.45 m m 2 / s , and specific gravity 0.868 . The study showed that Arthrospira Spirulina platensis microalgae lipid FAME met the biodiesel standards (EN 14214 and ASTM D 6751) and has the potential to replace petrodiesel. Microwave irradiation increased the reaction rate resulting in a reduced reaction time of 7 minutes (as compared to 8 hours for conventional heating) and therefore was found to be a superior heating mode as compared to conventional heating.

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Biodiesel Production from Microalgae by Extraction – Transesterification Method

Cited by 4 publications

References 7 publications

Isolation Purification and Culturing of Cyanobacteria and Microalgae towards Biodiesel Production: Current Status

Isolation Purification and Culturing of Cyanobacteria and Microalgae towards Biodiesel Production: Current Status

Valorization of microalgae biomass into bioproducts promoting circular bioeconomy: a holistic approach of bioremediation and biorefinery

In Situ Transesterification of Spirulina Microalgae to Produce Biodiesel Using Microwave Irradiation

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