Biodiversity hotspots are not congruent with conservation areas in the Gulf of California

Morzaria‐Luna, Hem Nalini; Cruz-Piñón, Gabriela; Brusca, Richard C.; López-Ortiz, Ariadna Montserrat; Moreno-Báez, Marcia; Reyes‐Bonilla, Héctor; Turk-Boyer, Peggy

doi:10.1007/s10531-018-1631-x

Cited by 15 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 84 publications

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“…This mixing of ecotones and communities caused by oceanographic features in marine eDNA surveys is well documented (Jeunen et al, 2019;O'Donnell et al, 2017). Nevertheless, both the mean values and geographical patterns of observed species of both UVC and eDNA corroborated that the Central region between Loreto and La Paz is a hotspot of species richness in contrast to the lower diversity observed in the Northern gulf of California (Morzaria-Luna et al, 2018;Olivier et al, 2018).…”

Section: F I G U R Ementioning

confidence: 70%

Integrating eDNA metabarcoding and simultaneous underwater visual surveys to describe complex fish communities in a marine biodiversity hotspot

Valdivia-Carrillo

Rocha‐Olivares

Reyes‐Bonilla

et al. 2021

Molecular Ecology Resources

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Marine biodiversity can be surveyed using underwater visual censuses and recently with eDNA metabarcoding. Although a promising tool, eDNA studies have shown contrasting results related to its detection scale and the number of species identified compared to other survey methods. Also, its accuracy relies on complete reference databases used for taxonomic assignment and, as other survey methods, species detection may show false-negative and false-positive errors. Here, we compared results from underwater visual censuses and simultaneous eDNA metabarcoding fish surveys in terms of observed species and community composition. We also assess the effect of a custom reference database in the taxonomic assignment, and evaluate occupancy, capture and detection probabilities, as well as error rates of eDNA survey data.We amplified a 12S rRNA fish barcode from 24 sampling sites in the gulf of California.More species were detected with eDNA metabarcoding than with UVC. Because each survey method largely detected different sets of species, the combined approach doubled the number of species registered. Both survey methods recovered a known biodiversity gradient and a biogeographic break, but eDNA captured diversity over a broader geographic and bathymetric scale. Furthermore, the use of a modest-sized custom reference database significantly increased taxonomic assignment. In a subset of species, occupancy models revealed eDNA surveys provided similar or higher detection probabilities compared to UVC. The occupancy value of each species had a large influence on eDNA detectability, and in the false positive and negative error.Overall, these results highlight the potential of eDNA metabarcoding in complementing other established ecological methods for studies of marine fishes. K E Y W O R D Sbiodiversity monitoring, detection probability, eDNA metabarcoding, fish community, occupancy model, reference database, underwater visual census | INTRODUC TI ONUnderstanding spatial patterns and drivers of species presence is a primary task in ecological and evolutionary applications (Guillera-Arroita et al., 2017). However, identifying the complete species components in a particular ecosystem is arduous, especially in hotspots of biodiversity in the marine realm, where fish species represent one of the best-studied groups.Significant advances in the study of fish communities have been achieved through underwater visual censuses (UVC) and, more recently, with environmental DNA (eDNA) metabarcoding (MacNeil et al., 2008;West et al., 2020). UVC relies on multiple trained observers for recording the presence of individual fish within a fixed area. It is a survey method biased against wary, highly mobile organ-

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Section: F I G U R Ementioning

confidence: 70%

Integrating eDNA metabarcoding and simultaneous underwater visual surveys to describe complex fish communities in a marine biodiversity hotspot

Valdivia-Carrillo

Rocha‐Olivares

Reyes‐Bonilla

et al. 2021

Molecular Ecology Resources

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“…Además del mapa de zonas potenciales de invasión por Pterois spp., se consideró importante hacer un análisis de los efectos ecológicos potenciales de la llegada de la especie al GC. Dado que esa especie consume, principalmente, presas de tamaños de 13 cm o menos de longitud total (Green et al 2014), revisando los registros sobre ámbito geográfico de dichos taxa (Robertson y Allen, 2018) se encontró que existen 198 especies como presas potenciales incluyendo 28 endémicas del GC (familia Gobiidae con 14 especies, Labrisomidae con 6 especies y Chaenopsidae con 8 especies), Todas ellas, debido a su limitada distribución geográfica (Morzaria-Luna et al 2018), podrían ser afectadas de manera relevante por la llegada del pez león, viéndose afectado su reclutamiento, como ha ocurrido con algunas especies en el Atlántico (Albins & Hixon 2008;Ballew et al 2016). Cabe señalar que muchos puntos de alta probabilidad de aparición de Pterois spp.…”

Section: Discussionunclassified

Zonas susceptibles de invasión por parte del pez león en el Pacífico mexicano

Reyes‐Bonilla¹,

Petatán‐Ramírez²

2020

Rev. Mar. Cost.

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El pez león Pterois volitans/miles, ha invadido el Atlántico occidental, pero está ausente del Pacífico oriental a pesar de que las condiciones oceanográficas parecen ser adecuadas para su establecimiento. Este trabajo propone áreas probables de invasión de Pterois spp. en la costa oeste de México, a partir de modelos de nicho ecológico y de distribución potencial, basados en datos de ocurrencia de la especie (1985-2018) y capas ambientales (2002-2017). Para la base de datos ambiental, se utilizaron rasters de temperatura, salinidad, clorofila a y velocidad de corrientes marinas en valores promedio, máximos y mínimos en el nivel superficial, además, el promedio de la temperatura y salinidad en el nivel de fondo marino y el tipo de costa predominante. Los resultados indicaron que la salinidad del fondo, el tipo de costa y la temperatura promedio en superficie aportaron 65 % de la contribución en el modelo de distribución. Para conocer el impacto de la posible llegada de Pterois spp. sobre la biodiversidad, se realizó una intersección espacial entre el área pronosticada con potencial para la invasión con la distribución geográfica de peces costeros y las zonas de pesca. De acuerdo con el análisis espacial, la llegada de Pterois spp. podría afectar a casi 200 especies de peces de las cuales, varias son endémicas e incluyen algunas de importancia comercial. El impacto podría ser mayor, si se considera que el pez león es depredador de invertebrados como jaibas y camarones, las cuales son pesquerías importantes en la región.

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“…In general, models of Fishery refuges considered the following data layers: (1) spatial data layers that delimit existing management areas in legal instruments; (2) fishing intensity models that standardized fishing effort derived from data from interviews, fishing logs, and participatory mapping; (3) the biodiversity index, based on occurrence records of species in the area; (4) species distribution models, which correlate occurrence data and environmental variables, and represent the probability of finding a species in a given area; (5) Fishery refuges proposed in fisher workshops where rights-based management areas were reviewed; (6) distribution of key habitats, rocky areas, and coastal wetlands; and (7) reproduction and breeding areas, identified from traditional ecological knowledge. The Biodiversity index was derived from the species richness model generated by interpolating occurrence records for unique species drawn from open-access databases as well as from primary literature in the Gulf of California [46] . Other data layers are explained under Locally Managed Marine Areas, above.…”

Section: Methods Detailsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fisheries management tools to support coastal and marine spatial planning: A case study from the Northern Gulf of California, Mexico

et al. 2020

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A management approach was developed that combined spatial and non-spatial tools to inform a Coastal and Marine Spatial Planning Process (CMSP) in the Puerto Peñasco-Puerto Lobos Coastal Corridor, Northern Gulf of California, Sonora, Mexico. Four fisheries management tools were applied with an emphasis on ecosystem level management for eleven small-scale fisheries. Two spatial management tools, using a spatial prioritization approach, were combined with a permit regularization process, a non-spatial quota prioritization, and a tradeoff analysis in a novel way: • Locally Managed Marine Areas were developed, these are spatial areas where individual community fishermen are assigned the rights to harvest and manage specific fisheries within defined geographic areas. • Fishery refuges that incorporate information on fisheries, ecological importance, and connectivity. • A non-spatial quota prioritization process using a framework for the integrated assessment of stocks, encompassing a vulnerability analysis, a sustainability analysis, and a management framework analysis. • A trade-off analysis of the combination of these different management tools, using an Atlantis ecosystem model for the northern Gulf of California, that tested the ecosystem effects of alternative scenarios to assess benefits in support of ecosystem-based management.

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Biodiversity hotspots are not congruent with conservation areas in the Gulf of California

Cited by 15 publications

References 84 publications

Integrating eDNA metabarcoding and simultaneous underwater visual surveys to describe complex fish communities in a marine biodiversity hotspot

Integrating eDNA metabarcoding and simultaneous underwater visual surveys to describe complex fish communities in a marine biodiversity hotspot

Zonas susceptibles de invasión por parte del pez león en el Pacífico mexicano

Fisheries management tools to support coastal and marine spatial planning: A case study from the Northern Gulf of California, Mexico

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