Biogenic amine systems in the fruit flyDrosophila melanogaster

Monastirioti, Maria

doi:10.1002/(sici)1097-0029(19990415)45:2<106::aid-jemt5>3.0.co;2-3

Cited by 229 publications

(53 citation statements)

References 89 publications

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“…4), but we were not able to detect dTdc2-GAL4 expression in any nonneural peripheral tissues. The dTdc2-GAL4 pattern of expression in the brain and nerve cord is strikingly similar to that seen with TBH immunoreactivity (25), although some of the TBH neurons reported to be located in the dorsal protocerebrum could not be detected. Furthermore, several clusters of cells not known to contain TBH in the central brain are detected with dTdc2-GAL4 (Fig.…”

Section: Ro54supporting

confidence: 73%

“…5), but was completely absent from the female reproductive tract (data not shown). Although the presence of tyramine and octopamine in the Drosophila CNS is well established (25), tyramine was only recently shown to modulate transepithelial chloride conductance in the Drosophila Malpighian tubule (7). Since we detect dTdc1 expression and tyramine, but not octopamine, in these nonneural tissues (data not shown), we predict that dTdc1 is responsible for this nonneural tyramine production.…”

Section: Ro54supporting

confidence: 61%

“…We developed GAL4 drivers for each gene and examined their in vivo expression patterns by using two different UAS-GFP reporter lines: UAS-CD8-GFP, a marker reported to be highly concentrated in neural processes including axons and dendrites (24), and UAS-GFP.nls, which contains a nuclear localization signal. Previous studies have detected octopamine and TBH in distinct clusters of cells throughout the central brain and along the ventral midline of the adult thoracic nerve cord (12,25), and recent studies indicate that TBH-expressing neurons send projections through the abdominal ganglion to the female reproductive tract, where they innervate the ovaries and oviduct (12). Based on these results and our real time PCR evidence, we predicted that dTdc2 would be expressed in a similar pattern as that seen for TBH and octopamine.…”

Section: Ro54mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Two Functional but Noncomplementing Drosophila Tyrosine Decarboxylase Genes

Cole

Carney

McClung³

et al. 2005

Journal of Biological Chemistry

305

177

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The trace biogenic amine tyramine is present in the nervous systems of animals ranging in complexity from nematodes to mammals. Tyramine is synthesized from tyrosine by the enzyme tyrosine decarboxylase (TDC), a member of the aromatic amino acid family, but this enzyme has not been identified in Drosophila or in higher animals. To further clarify the roles of tyramine and its metabolite octopamine, we have cloned two TDC genes from Drosophila melanogaster, dTdc1 and dTdc2. Although both gene products have TDC activity in vivo, dTdc1 is expressed nonneurally, whereas dTdc2 is expressed neurally. Flies with a mutation in dTdc2 lack neural tyramine and octopamine and are female sterile due to egg retention. Although other Drosophila mutants that lack octopamine retain eggs completely within the ovaries, dTdc2 mutants release eggs into the oviducts but are unable to deposit them. This specific sterility phenotype can be partially rescued by driving the expression of dTdc2 in a dTdc2-specific pattern, whereas driving the expression of dTdc1 in the same pattern results in a complete rescue. The disparity in rescue efficiencies between the ectopically expressed Tdc genes may reflect the differential activities of these gene products. The egg retention phenotype of the dTdc2 mutant and the phenotypes associated with ectopic dTdc expression contribute to a model in which octopamine and tyramine have distinct and separable neural activities.Tyramine, octopamine, and other "trace" biogenic amines are found in most organisms, including bacteria, fungi, and plants, and in animals ranging in complexity from nematodes to mammals. Despite their wide distribution, the biological roles of trace amines are poorly understood. In vertebrates, trace amines are present in low levels and can displace classical biogenic amines from their stores and stimulate outward neurotransmitter efflux from biogenic amine transporters (1). Although there are currently no data to suggest that there are dedicated synapses for trace amines in the brain, the recent discovery of G-protein-coupled receptors that are selectively Additionally, tyramine affects chloride permeability in the Drosophila Malpighian tubule (7), relaxation of muscle tone in the locust oviduct (8), and behavioral responses to cocaine in Drosophila (9).Octopamine in invertebrates is often considered to be the functional homolog of vertebrate norepinephrine and is involved in a diverse range of physiological processes (reviewed in Ref. 10), including Drosophila female fertility. Flies that lack a functional octopamine receptor or cannot synthesize octopamine due to a null allele of tyramine ␤-hydroxylase (T␤h) 2 show a complete egg retention phenotype (11-13). The sterility of T␤h null females is due to a defect in ovulation, which can be rescued by octopamine feeding or by driving the ectopic expression of a T␤h transgene in several driver lines that show overlapping expression in the thoracic tip of the CNS (12, 13).The first step in octopamine biosynthesis is catalyzed by tyrosine...

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Section: Ro54supporting

confidence: 73%

Section: Ro54supporting

confidence: 61%

Section: Ro54mentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Two Functional but Noncomplementing Drosophila Tyrosine Decarboxylase Genes

Cole

Carney

McClung³

et al. 2005

Journal of Biological Chemistry

305

177

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“…1a,b). In invertebrates, OA is synthesized from the amino acid tyrosine via the action of tyrosine decarboxylase (TDC) and tyramine β-hydroxylase (Tβh) 40 . The Tdc2 gene encodes the neuronal TDC and the tdc2-gal4 driver can be used to manipulate OA/TA neurons 41 .…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Methyl-CpG binding domain proteins inhibit interspecies courtship and promote aggression in Drosophila

Gupta

Morgan

Andrews

et al. 2017

Sci Rep

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Reproductive isolation and speciation are driven by the convergence of environmental and genetic variation. The integration of these variation sources is thought to occur through epigenetic marks including DNA methylation. Proteins containing a methyl-CpG-binding domain (MBD) bind methylated DNA and interpret epigenetic marks, providing a dynamic yet evolutionarily adapted cellular output. Here, we report the Drosophila MBD-containing proteins, dMBD-R2 and dMBD2/3, contribute to reproductive isolation and survival behavioral strategies. Drosophila melanogaster males with a reduction in dMBD-R2 specifically in octopamine (OA) neurons exhibit courtship toward divergent interspecies D. virilis and D. yakuba females and a decrease in conspecific mating success. Conspecific male-male courtship is increased between dMBD-R2-deficient males while aggression is reduced. These changes in adaptive behavior are separable as males with a hypermethylated OA neuronal genome exhibited a decrease in aggression without altering male-male courtship. These results suggest Drosophila MBD-containing proteins are required within the OA neural circuitry to inhibit interspecies and conspecific male-male courtship and indicate that the genetically hard-wired neural mechanisms enforcing behavioral reproductive isolation include the interpretation of the epigenome.

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“…The dynamics of the 5-HT system in insects shares several features with vertebrates, including (a) 5-HT synthesis from tryptophan (3,7), (b) calcium-dependent release and activation of second messengers (15,29), and (c) recapture by nerve endings (2) for subsequent inactivation. In insects, however, the main catabolic process for inactivation of 5-HT is N-acetylation (44), although inactivation of 5-HT by oxidative deamination may also take place, since 5-hydroxyindoleacetic acid (5-HIAA) has been detected in the nervous system of some insect species (49)(50)(51)(52).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Efectos de reserpina y p-cloranfetamina en el metabolismo y la liberación de 5-HT en el ganglio cerebral de Inachis io (Lepidoptera).

Vieira

Mancebo

Aldegunde

2007

J. Physiol. Biochem.

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There have been few pharmacological studies of serotonergic system dynamics in insects. A more precise knowledge of the response of serotonergic neurons to drugs will contribute to understanding of the role of this neurotransmitter in insect behaviour. The present work was carried out to study several aspects of serotonin (5-HT) metabolism and release in an insect, the butterfly Inachis io. The effects of a single intra-abdominal injection of reserpine (30 pg/insect) or p-chloroamphetamine (50 microg/insect) on cerebral ganglia 5-HT metabolism and release were studied. After reserpine injection a depletion of 5-HT stores concomitant with an increase in N-acetylserotonin levels was observed, but not significant alteration of extraneuronal 5-HT release was observed. Administration of p-chloroamphetamine (PCA) induced extraneuronal 5-HT release, together with inhibition of its reuptake. Finally, a single injection of p-chloroamphetamine in reserpine-treated insects was able to induce new release of 5-HT. Reserpine interferes with the vesicular storage of 5-HT, but does not affect the process of neuronal release, while PCA induces the synaptic release of 5-HT and inhibits its reuptake. These effects are similar to those observed in mammals.

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Biogenic amine systems in the fruit flyDrosophila melanogaster

Cited by 229 publications

References 89 publications

Two Functional but Noncomplementing Drosophila Tyrosine Decarboxylase Genes

Two Functional but Noncomplementing Drosophila Tyrosine Decarboxylase Genes

Methyl-CpG binding domain proteins inhibit interspecies courtship and promote aggression in Drosophila

Efectos de reserpina y p-cloranfetamina en el metabolismo y la liberación de 5-HT en el ganglio cerebral de Inachis io (Lepidoptera).

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