Biogenic carbonyl compounds within and above a coniferous forest in Germany

Müller, Konrad; Haferkorn, S.; Grabmer, W.; Wisthaler, Armin; Hansel, Armin; Kreuzwieser, Jürgen; Cojocariu, Cristian; Rennenberg, Heinz; Herrmann, Hartmut

doi:10.1016/j.atmosenv.2005.10.070

Cited by 60 publications

(34 citation statements)

References 28 publications

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“…For example in Germany, Muller et al (2006) measured lower concentrations within the canopy than above the canopy. They attributed this to emissions and photochemical production of acetaldehyde in the upper canopy and deposition in the lower canopy.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Plant physiological and environmental controls over the exchange of acetaldehyde between forest canopies and the atmosphere

et al. 2008

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Abstract. We quantified fine scale sources and sinks of gas phase acetaldehyde in two forested ecosystems in the US. During the daytime, the upper canopy behaved as a net source while at lower heights, reduced emission rates or net uptake were observed. At night, uptake generally predominated throughout the canopies. Net ecosystem emission rates were inversely related to foliar density due to the extinction of light in the canopy and a respective decrease of the acetaldehyde compensation point. This is supported by branch level studies revealing much higher compensation points in the light than in the dark for poplar (Populus deltoides) and holly oak (Quercus ilex) implying a higher light/temperature sensitivity for acetaldehyde production relative to consumption. The view of stomata as the major pathway for acetaldehyde exchange is supported by strong linear correlations between branch transpiration rates and acetaldehyde exchange velocities for both species. In addition, natural abundance carbon isotope analysis of gas-phase acetaldehyde during poplar branch fumigation experiments revealed a significant kinetic isotope effect of 5.1±0.3‰ associated with the uptake of acetaldehyde. Similar experiments with dry dead poplar leaves showed no fractionation or uptake of acetaldehyde, confirming that this is only a property of living leaves. We suggest that acetaldehyde belongs to a potentially large list of plant metabolites where stomatal resistance can exert long term control over both emission and uptake rates due to the presence of both source(s) and sink(s) within the leaf which strongly buffer large changes in concentrations in the substomatal airspace due to changes in stomatal resistance. We conclude that the exchange of acetaldehyde Correspondence to: K. Jardine (jardine@email.arizona.edu) between plant canopies and the atmosphere is fundamentally controlled by ambient acetaldehyde concentrations, stomatal resistance, and the compensation point which is a function of light/temperature.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Plant physiological and environmental controls over the exchange of acetaldehyde between forest canopies and the atmosphere

et al. 2008

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“…Oxygenated VOCs include carbonyls (aldehydes and ketones), alcohols and carboxylic acids. It has been known for many years that these classes of compounds are ubiquitous in the atmosphere (Singh et al, 1994(Singh et al, , 1995(Singh et al, , 2000(Singh et al, , 2001Colomb et al, 2006;Müller et al, 2006) and may account for a large fraction of the organic carbon in the troposphere, with some studies suggesting that they might be 2 to 5 times more abundant than all the non-methane hydrocarbons combined (Singh et al, 2001. Some of these species have been shown to have a large impact on ozone formation and chemistry.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Emissions and photochemistry of oxygenated VOCs in urban plumes in the Northeastern United States

et al. 2011

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Abstract. Photochemical processes inside urban plumes in the Northeast of the United States have been studied using a highly detailed chemical model, based upon the Master Chemical Mechanism (MCM). The model results have been compared to measurements of oxygenated VOCs (acetone, methyl ethyl ketone, acetaldehyde, acetic acid and methanol) obtained during several flights of the NOAA WP-3D aircraft, which sampled plumes from the New York City area during the ICARTT campaign in 2004. The agreement between the model and the measurements was within 40-60 % for all species, except acetic acid.The model results have been used to study the formation and photochemical evolution of acetone, methyl ethyl ketone and acetaldehyde. Under the conditions encountered during the ICARTT campaign, acetone is produced from the oxidation of propane (24-28 %) and i-propanol (<15 %) and from a number of products of i-pentane oxidation. Methyl ethyl ketone (MEK) is mostly produced from the oxidation of n-butane (20-30 %) and 3-methylpentane (<40 %). Acetaldehyde is formed from several precursors, mostly small alkenes, >C5 alkanes, propanal and MEK. Ethane and ethanol oxidation account, respectively, for 6-23 % and 5-25 % of acetaldehyde photochemical formation. The results highlight the importance of alkanes for the photochemical production of ketones and the role of hydroperoxides in sustaining their formation far from the emission sources.

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“…Most studies of HCHO were conducted in urban environments (e.g., Friedfeld et al, 2002;Possanzini et al, 2002;Rappenglück et al, 2010;Parrish et al, 2012) but only a few at rural, forested, or remote sites (e.g., Solberg et al, 2001;Sumner et al, 2001;Hellen et al, 2004;VillanuevaFierro et al, 2004;Müller et al, 2006;Khwaja and Narang, 2008;Choi et al, 2010;DiGangi et al, 2011DiGangi et al, , 2012. HCHO mixing ratios have also been reported from several remote ground sites and during flight and oceanic campaigns, however, for high altitude sites only measurements at Mauna Loa, Jungfraujoch, and Whiteface mountain exist (Heikes, 1992;Arlander et al, 1995;Zhou et al, 1996;Heikes et al, 2001;Kormann et al, 2003;Li et al, 2004;Singh et al, 2004;Zhou et al, 2007;Balzani Lööv et al, 2008;Fried et al, 2008;Khwaja and Narang, 2008;Fried et al, 2011;Klippel et al, 2011), but mainly in field campaigns of a few weeks to months.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Seasonal and Diurnal Variation of Formaldehyde and its Meteorological Drivers at the GAW Site Zugspitze

Leuchner

Ghasemifard

Lüpke

et al. 2016

Aerosol Air Qual. Res.

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Continuous formaldehyde measurements were performed at the high-altitude GAW site Environmental Research Station Schneefernerhaus for more than one year. This unique dataset was analyzed for daily and seasonal variation and for the influence of large-scale synoptic conditions and air-mass origin on the observed concentrations. The average daily course exhibited maxima in the afternoon and minima at night, however differing between seasons. The general strong seasonal variation with average values for winter, spring, summer, and fall of 0.350, 0.529, 0.986, 0.429 ppbv, respectively, could be well explained by secondary production following photochemical activity. The large variability of formaldehyde mixing ratios within the seasons was shown to be influenced by different factors in this complex topography such as mixing of air masses from the planetary boundary layer and the free troposphere, advection of differently aged air from various source regions, and local meteorological conditions. An analysis of the impact of large-scale weather types, cyclonality, and flow directions revealed that the cleanest air masses were advected from westerly directions in particular under cyclonic conditions while southerly cyclonic and northerly/northwesterly anticyclonic conditions led to the highest formaldehyde levels.

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Biogenic carbonyl compounds within and above a coniferous forest in Germany

Cited by 60 publications

References 28 publications

Plant physiological and environmental controls over the exchange of acetaldehyde between forest canopies and the atmosphere

Plant physiological and environmental controls over the exchange of acetaldehyde between forest canopies and the atmosphere

Emissions and photochemistry of oxygenated VOCs in urban plumes in the Northeastern United States

Seasonal and Diurnal Variation of Formaldehyde and its Meteorological Drivers at the GAW Site Zugspitze

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