Bioinorganic Chemistry of Platinum(IV) Complexes as Platforms for Anticancer Agents

Abstract

The current review focuses on the comprehensive studies of platinum-based complexes that are known to exhibit anticancer properties. The capacity to perceive, to comprehend at the sub-atomic level, and to treat sicknesses has brought sufficient metal-particle work which constitutes an imperative part of therapeutic bioinorganic science. Understanding the biochemistry and sub-atomic science of detoxification mechanism of metals can help in advancing as well as enhancing the anticancer property of metal complexes for several types of a tumour. The classifications of complexes discussed have been done on the basis of Platinum oxidation states and binding sites of the ligands. Further background and current status of Pt(IV) complexes are briefly explained along with a special reference to Structural Activity Relationships and Mode of Action. The coordination chemistry of Pt(IV) has been summarised and Pt(IV) complexes are reviewed on the basis of binding of Pt(IV) with Human Serum Albumin and DNA. Finally, the results were summarized and concluded emphasizing on the most important features.

Targeting of the intracellular redox balance by metal complexes towards anticancer therapy

“…Four octahedral Pt(IV) compounds have entered clinical trials ( tetraplatin , iproplatin , satraplatin , and LA-12 , Figure 9 ). Unfortunately, LA-12 failed in phase I trials, while tetraplatin showed high neurotoxicity and was not investigated after phase I. Iproplatin showed limited benefits in phase II trials, and studies on the orally available satraplatin were dropped in phase III ( Nagyal et al, 2020 ; Chunyan et al, 2021 ).…”

Development of Photoremovable Linkers as a Novel Strategy to Improve the Pharmacokinetics of Drug Conjugates and Their Potential Application in Antibody–Drug Conjugates for Cancer Therapy

“…The diazido Pt(IV) The photoreductive Pt(IV) complexes with azide ligands perfectly incorporate the photodecomposition of Pt(IV) complex with the light sensitivity of azido complexes, making itself the potential PACT (photoactivated anticancer chemotherapy) prodrugs. Since the first report of such a complex with a structure of trans-[Pt(N 3 ) 2 (CN) 4 ] 2− by Vogler et al in 1978, prominent progress has been achieved in the development of complexes of new structures, understanding the mechanisms of the activation and phototoxicties in medicinal application [73][74][75][76][77].…”