Biological activities of Croton palanostigma Klotzsch

Abstract

Background:Different species of Croton are used in traditional Amazonian medicine. Among the popular uses are treatment of bacterial diseases, poorly healing wounds and fevers.Objective:This study evaluated the antileishmanial, antiplasmodial and antimicrobial activities of the extracts and diterpenes of Croton palanostigma Klotzsch (Euphorbiaceae).Materials and Methods:Leaves and bark were extracted with dichloromethane and methanol. The bark dichloromethane extract (BDE) was chromatographed on a column, obtaining cordatin and aparisthman. The extracts and diterpenes were assayed thought agar disk diffusion method and their bactericidal or fungicidal effects were evaluated by minimum bactericidal or fungicidal concentration. The antiplasmodial activity was evaluated after 24 and 72 h of exposition. The antileishmanial activity was performed on promastigotes forms of Leishmania amazonensis.Results:The bark methanol extract (BME) and cordatin were not active against any microbial strains tested; BDE and leaves methanol extract (LME) were positive for Pseudomonas aeruginosa and aparisthman was positive for Candida albicans. In the determination of the minimum bactericidal concentration, neither of them were active in the highest concentration tested. The extracts and diterpenes were inactive in Plasmodium falciparum, except the LME in 72 h. Any extract was shown to be active in promastigote forms of L. amazonensis.Conclusion:These results indicate that the BDE and LME did not inhibit the bacterial growth, then they probably had bacteriostatic effect. LME presented activity in P. falciparum.

Chemical Characterization, Leishmanicidal Activity and In Vitro Cytotoxicity of the Essential Oil Extracted from Pectis brevipedunculata (Gardner) Sch.Bip. and Its Incorporation into Microemulsion Systems

“…This information was reported in [ 45 ], an additional study conducted by our research group. Samples with IC 50 values equal to or less than 100 μg/mL were defined as active, while samples ranging between 101 and 200 μg/mL were categorized as moderately active, and those over 200 μg/mL were perceived as inactive [ 46 ]. Considering this, the EO-PB, the ME-PB and the α-pinene standards investigated herein were configured as active samples, and the ME-BLANK standard was classified as moderately active.…”

Flavopereirine—An Alkaloid Derived from Geissospermum vellosii—Presents Leishmanicidal Activity In Vitro

“…Promastigotes of L. amazonensis were isolated on NNN (Novy-Nicolle-Mcneal) blood slopes. Afterwards, the strains were subcultured and adapted to RPMI 1640 medium supplemented with 10% heat inactivated fetal bovine serum (Gibco ® , Grand Island, NY, USA) and cultivated at 26 °C [50].…”

“…The negative control was assessed with only parasites and the incubation medium; the positive control was assayed with amphotericin B (25–0.3906 μg/mL). After 24 h, 48 h, and 72 h of incubation at 26 °C under 5% CO 2 atmosphere, 10 μL of the tetrazolium salt ([3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide], 5 mg/mL) was added to each well, and the parasites were quantified in the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay plate reader [50]. The IC 50 was determined by linear regression (Graph Pad Prism version 6.01, GraphPad Software, San Diego, CA, USA).…”