Biological Evaluation of 2-aminothiazole Hybrid as Antimalarial and Antitrypanosomal Agents: Design and Synthesis

Abstract

Background: A series of 2-aminothiazole schiff’s bases (1-24) were synthesized and screened against a few neglected tropical disorders (NTDs). Compounds 12 and 14 were found to have antitrypanosidal activity, whereas compound 14 was found to be more effective than standard benznidazole. The antiplasmodial assay provided three specific and effective compounds (9, 12 and 24) than standard chloroquine. Compound (21) inhibited Leishmania infantum, almost similar to Miltefosine. Methods: All the compounds were subjected to cytotoxicity assay and none of the compounds were found to be cytotoxicity. Molecular docking simulations revealed that four compounds (1, 9, 12 and 21) were found to similarly occupy the hydrophobic active site of trans-2-enoyl acyl carrier protein reductase of P. falciparum (PfENR) as triclosan and outcomes were closely related to their anti-malarial potencies. Results and Conclusion: The screening results against T. cruzi, T. brucei, L. donovani, L. infantum, P. falciferum and cytotoxicity assays provided a few significant to most potent compounds; two variant class of NTDs.

Docking and synthesis of some 2-aminothiazole derivatives as antimicrobial agents

“…Chloroacetyl chloride (0.01 mol) was added dropwise with cooling to the corresponding hydrazones (6,8,9,11,12,13,15) (0.005mol) in a (0.01 mol) triethylamine in 40 ml of dioxane with stirring at room temperature for 20 minutes, then the mixture was refluxed for 8 hours. The reaction mixture was concentrated then poured into ice water; crude compounds were isolated, filtered, dried, and recrystallized from absolute ethanol, physical, and IR data for compounds (21)(22)(23)(24)(25)(26)(27)…”

“…While the physical properties and infrared data of the synthetic compounds (16)(17)(18)(19)(20)(21)(22)(23)(24)(25)(26)(27) were listed in Table .5. The 1 H-NMR of the corresponding hydrazone compounds (6)(7)(8)(9)(10)(11)(12)(13)(14)(15) show the following peaks δ (ppm):…”

“…Table 4 lists the physical characteristics and infrared data of the compounds (6)(7)(8)(9)(10)(11)(12)(13)(14)(15). Antimicrobial activity was assayed for the selected synthetic compounds 3, 13, &23 against five types of bacteria and two types of fungal species as shown in Table 6 [22][23][24][25].…”

An Overview on Synthetic 2-Aminothiazole-Based Compounds Associated with Four Biological Activities

“…There are many substituted thiazole-containing heterocycles covering a wide range of therapeutic targets including antimicrobial, anticancer, anti-inflammatory and anti-HIV. Aminothiazole scaffolds are important structural units in medicinal chemistry as they have shown antitumor [ 1 , 2 , 3 ], antiviral [ 4 , 5 , 6 ], antibacterial [ 7 , 8 , 9 ], anti-prion [ 10 ], psychotropic [ 11 ], anti-allergic [ 12 ], anti-hypertensive [ 13 ], anti-inflammatory [ 14 , 15 ], antifungal [ 16 ], antitubercular [ 17 , 18 ], anti-HIV [ 19 ], pesticidal [ 20 ], antiprotozoal [ 21 ], antipyretic [ 22 ], antioxidative [ 23 ] and analgesic activities [ 24 ]. Aminothiazole compounds act as ligands of estrogen receptors [ 25 ] and afford a new group of adenosine receptor antagonists [ 26 ].…”