“…Pioneering works have indicated that DES pretreatment can significantly promote the efficacy of residue cellulose enzymatic hydrolysis. The plant species, which on the pretreatment with different DESs, have been extended to gramineae [corncob (Procentese et al, 2015;Zhang et al, 2016), wheat straw (Jeong et al, 2015), sorghum (Das et al, 2018), and switchgrass (Chen et al, 2018;Kim et al, 2018)], hardwood [eucalyptus (Shen et al, 2019), willow (Lyu et al, 2018;Song et al, 2019), and poplar (Alvarez-Vasco et al, 2016;Liu et al, 2017)], softwood [pine (Lynam et al, 2017), spruce (Wahlström et al, 2016), and fir (Alvarez-Vasco et al, 2016)], and endocarp (Li et al, 2018).…”