Biomedical Potential of Plant-Based Selenium Nanoparticles: A Comprehensive Review on Therapeutic and Mechanistic Aspects

Shaabani

et al. 2021

Front. Mol. Biosci.

Nanotechnology has made an important contribution to oncology in recent years, especially for drug delivery. While many different nano-delivery systems have been suggested for cancer therapy, selenium nanoparticles (SeNPs) are particularly promising anticancer drug carriers as their core material offers interesting synergistic effects to cancer cells. Se compounds can exert cytotoxic effects by acting as pro-oxidants that alter cellular redox homeostasis, eventually leading to apoptosis induction in many kinds of cancer cells. Herein, we report on the design and synthesis of novel layer-by-layer Se-based nanocomplexes (LBL-Se-NCs) as carriers of small interfering RNA (siRNA) for combined gene silencing and apoptosis induction in cancer cells. The LBL-Se-NCs were prepared using a straightforward electrostatic assembly of siRNA and chitosan (CS) on the solid core of the SeNP. In this study, we started by investigating the colloidal stability and protection of the complexed siRNA. The results show that CS not only functioned as an anchoring layer for siRNA, but also provided colloidal stability for at least 20 days in different media when CS was applied as a third layer. The release study revealed that siRNA remained better associated with LBL-Se-NCs, with only a release of 35% after 7 days, as compared to CS-NCs with a siRNA release of 100% after 48 h, making the LBL nanocarrier an excellent candidate as an off-the-shelf formulation. When applied to H1299 cells, it was found that they can selectively induce around 32% apoptosis, while significantly less apoptosis (5.6%) was induced in NIH/3T3 normal cells. At the same time, they were capable of efficiently inducing siRNA downregulation (35%) without loss of activity 7 days post-synthesis. We conclude that LBL-Se-NCs are promising siRNA carriers with enhanced stability and with a dual mode of action against cancer cells.

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 88%

Enhanced siRNA Delivery and Selective Apoptosis Induction in H1299 Cancer Cells by Layer-by-Layer-Assembled Se Nanocomplexes: Toward More Efficient Cancer Therapy

Shaabani

et al. 2021

Front. Mol. Biosci.

“…It was shown that SeNP were able to inhibit the formation of biofilms and reduce the number of viable bacteria in the surrounding tissue even at low concentrations of 0.5 ppm. Another study also showed that SeNP, created using a simple colloidal synthesis method, were able to inhibit the growth of Staphylococcus aureus and prevent biofilm formation [ 49 ].…”

Section: The Role Of Senp In Medicine and Human Healthmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Thus, it was shown that nanoparticles with a diameter of 80 nm exhibited the most effective antimicrobial activity [ 49 , 50 , 51 , 52 , 53 , 54 ]. It was shown that SeNP 43 and 81 nm in diameter increased the production of ROS and changed the potential of the bacterial cell membrane; there was a violation of the metabolism of Staphylococcus aureus bacteria due to the depletion of intracellular ATP, which led to a significant decrease in the viability of the bacteria [ 49 ]. It is known that the membrane potential has a significant effect on the spatial organization of the cytoskeleton and the division of bacterial cells [ 55 ].…”

Section: The Role Of Senp In Medicine and Human Healthmentioning

confidence: 99%

Therapeutic Potential and Main Methods of Obtaining Selenium Nanoparticles

Varlamova

Turovsky

Блинова

2021

IJMS

This review presents the latest data on the importance of selenium nanoparticles in human health, their use in medicine, and the main known methods of their production by various methods. In recent years, a multifaceted study of nanoscale complexes in medicine, including selenium nanoparticles, has become very important in view of a number of positive features that make it possible to create new drugs based on them or significantly improve the properties of existing drugs. It is known that selenium is an essential trace element that is part of key antioxidant enzymes. In mammals, there are 25 selenoproteins, in which selenium is a key component of the active site. The important role of selenium in human health has been repeatedly proven by several hundred works in the past few decades; in recent years, the study of selenium nanocomplexes has become the focus of researchers. A large amount of accumulated data requires generalization and systematization in order to improve understanding of the key mechanisms and prospects for the use of selenium nanoparticles in medicine, which is the purpose of this review.

“…Moreover, elevated proline accumulation, over expression of glutathione reductase (GR) and peroxidase (POX) with subsequent decrease in ethylene, relieved the Cd induced oxidative stress in wheat plant (119). Actually, Se is incorporated as selenocysteine which is a vital amino acid in the active centre of selenoprotein that participates in oxidation reduction reactions (120). Similar observation was reported in pepper plant where Se NP treatment improved the quality and quantity of the pepper fruits and up regulated anti oxidative defense machinery against Cd stress.…”

Section: Selenium Npsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nanoparticles mediated cadmium toxicity amelioration in plants

Chakraborty¹,

Pal²,

Paul

2021

Plant Sci. Today

Application of nanoparticles to address various environmental issues; especially heavy metal contaminated soil restoration is of global interest. Indiscriminate usage of phosphate fertilizer and other anthropogenic activities contribute to Cd contamination of soil, resulting in degradation of soil quality and low crop yield. By the virtue of unique physiochemical characteristics, nanoparticles (NPs) are effective enough for heavy metal stress mitigation. This review has focused on Cd uptake, accumulation and toxicity in plants followed by the successful application of different metallic and non metallic NPs for soil Cd decontamination. Positive impact of NPs as plant growth elicitor under Cd stress has been explored here. Various ways of NP application (soil, foliar, hydroponics), uptake, mode of action and effective treatment concentration have been highlighted. We have collected handful information regarding the use of NPs as nanofertilizer and nanopesticides. The negative effects of NPs have not been considered here. More in depth study to be conducted for better illumination on plant - NPs interaction, mobilization mechanism and biological activities. Though this review summarizes few facts among various aspect of NP but can be counted as a supportive documentation for the better use of NPs in environmental protection in future.