Biomimicking nanofibrous gelatin microspheres recreating the stem cell niche for their ex-vivo expansion and in-vivo like differentiation for injectable stem cell transplantation

Laponite–Gelatin Nanofibrous Microsphere Promoting Human Dental Follicle Stem Cells Attachment and Osteogenic Differentiation for Noninvasive Stem Cell Transplantation

“…The NFM with and without LP were prepared as mentioned above, and right before the lyophilization, microspheres were cross-linked using EDC-NHS. [28,37] Briefly, approximately 500 mg microspheres were resuspended in precooled 1,3-dioxane and water mixture (80:20 v/v). Then, 0.04 mmol of EDC per mg of microspheres and 1 equivalent of NHS was added to the microspheres suspension with gentle stirring at 4 °C for 8 h. Crosslinked microspheres were washed twice with sterile water.…”

“…[27] The nanofibrous topography or morphology in the microspheres facilitates ECM like niches and mediates stem cell adhesion, morphology, proliferation, differentiation, and survival in vitro and in vivo. [27,28] Porous nanofibrous microspheres (NFM), such as those fabricated by Ma et al and our lab in the last decade, have proven to be particularly useful in the regeneration of the cardiovascular system, bones, and cartilage. [27,28] We have reported that nanofibrous microspheres can encourage in vitro stem cells adhesion and also support both ex vivo expansion and differentiation as well as non-invasive in vivo transplantation of stem cells' for bone tissue regeneration.…”

“…[27,28] Porous nanofibrous microspheres (NFM), such as those fabricated by Ma et al and our lab in the last decade, have proven to be particularly useful in the regeneration of the cardiovascular system, bones, and cartilage. [27,28] We have reported that nanofibrous microspheres can encourage in vitro stem cells adhesion and also support both ex vivo expansion and differentiation as well as non-invasive in vivo transplantation of stem cells' for bone tissue regeneration. [28] Similarly, Koh et al reported the synthesis of microspherical system with gelatin and silica bioglass composite and their limited biological characterization using mouse osteoblast progenitor MC3T3 cells with the marginal osteogenic effect of bioglass-microsphere compared to only gelatin microsphere.…”

“…[27,28] We have reported that nanofibrous microspheres can encourage in vitro stem cells adhesion and also support both ex vivo expansion and differentiation as well as non-invasive in vivo transplantation of stem cells' for bone tissue regeneration. [28] Similarly, Koh et al reported the synthesis of microspherical system with gelatin and silica bioglass composite and their limited biological characterization using mouse osteoblast progenitor MC3T3 cells with the marginal osteogenic effect of bioglass-microsphere compared to only gelatin microsphere. [29] Functionalization of these tissue-engineered scaffolds with osteoconductive cues can provide a native niche to stem cells and its transplantation can enhance the probability for successful bone tissue repair.…”

“…[29] Functionalization of these tissue-engineered scaffolds with osteoconductive cues can provide a native niche to stem cells and its transplantation can enhance the probability for successful bone tissue repair. [28][29][30] Synthetic silicates such as laponite nanoclay have recently been investigated for bone tissue engineering due to their high inherent functionality for encouraging osteogenic differentiation and bone healing. [31] Laponite is a disk-shaped nanoplatelet with a diameter of 25 nm and a thickness of 1 nm consisting of 59.5% SiO 2 , 27.5% MgO, 2.8% Na 2 O, and 0.8% Li 2 O and non-toxic excipients.…”