Biosynthesis of Metal Nanoparticles: A Review

Abstract

The synthesis of nanostructured materials, especially metallic nanoparticles, has accrued utmost interest over the past decade owing to their unique properties that make them applicable in different fields of science and technology. The limitation to the use of these nanoparticles is the paucity of an effective method of synthesis that will produce homogeneous size and shape nanoparticles as well as particles with limited or no toxicity to the human health and the environment. The biological method of nanoparticle synthesis is a relatively simple, cheap, and environmentally friendly method than the conventional chemical method of synthesis and thus gains an upper hand. The biomineralization of nanoparticles in protein cages is one of such biological approaches used in the generation of nanoparticles. This method of synthesis apart from being a safer method in the production of nanoparticles is also able to control particle morphology.

Effect of Incubation Time, CuSO4 and Glucose Concentrations on Biosynthesis of Copper Oxide (CuO) Nanoparticles with Rectangular Shape and Antibacterial Activity: Taguchi Method Approach

“…In return, NPs synthesis through biological techniques specifically applying microorganisms emerged as an eco-friendly, clean and benefit alternative to physicochemical techniques [23]. In recent years, green methods have attained tremendous attention in synthesis of pure or oxide MNPs [24][25][26][27]. However, not real green nature of these methods is a major problem [28].…”

Phytosynthesis of Silver Nanoparticles Using Myrtus communis L. Leaf Extract and Investigation of Bactericidal Activity

“…[12][13][14][15] In this regard, a lot of attention has been paid to synthesis of nanostructured materials using natural species such as algae, yeasts, bacteria, fungi, biological compounds, and plant extracts. 16 In such synthesis of metal nanostructures, these compounds act simultaneously as reducing, shape-directing, structure-stabilizing, capping, and aggregation-inhibiting agents due to the proteins, enzymes, carbohydrates, aldehydes, etc. that they contain.…”

Green Intelligent Nanomaterials by Design (Using Nanoparticulate/2D-Materials Building Blocks) Current Developments and Future Trends

“…Consequently, the current emphasis is on designing processes capable of ensuring adequately precise control of the size, shape, stability, and physicochemical properties of the NPs [180][181][182][183].…”