Biotoxicity of commonly used root canal sealers: A meta-analysis

Kaur, Amandeep; Shah, Naseem; Logani, Ajay; Mishra, Nidhi

doi:10.4103/0972-0707.153054

Cited by 71 publications

(38 citation statements)

References 36 publications

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“…Sealapex™ after setting becomes unstable and disintegrated. [ 11 ] Its cytotoxicity is due to components such as isobutyl salicylates and polymethylene methyl salicylate resin[ 12 ] and Ca(OH) 2 itself because of its high pH. [ 12 ] Earlier studies have shown that Sealapex™ has longer setting time[ 13 ] and has proved to be cytotoxic even after 1, 7, and 14 days of evaluation.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Assessment of pain and dissolution of apically extruded sealers and their effect on the periradicular tissues

Govind

Jena

Pattanaik³

et al. 2018

J Conserv Dent

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Aim:This study aimed to evaluate the intensity of pain after unintentional extrusion of resin-based and calcium hydroxide (Ca[OH]2)-based endodontic sealers as well as their influence on the periradicular tissues.Materials and Methods:A total of 120 single-rooted teeth exhibiting extrusion of sealer in the postoperative radiographs were included in the study. According to the sealers used, the teeth were divided into four groups (n = 30): Group I – AH Plus®, Group II – Resino Seal, Group III – Sealapex™, and Group IV – Apexit® Plus. Postoperative pain was assessed at 0–6 h, 6–12 h, 12–24 h, and 24–48 h of obturation using Visual Analog Scale. Radiographs were taken at 3, 6, and ≥9 months to 1-year follow-up and compared with baseline radiographs to assess the dissolution of extruded sealers and healing of periradicular tissues.Statistical Analysis:ANOVA, Kruskal–Wallis, and Pearson's Chi-square test were used. Statistical significance level was set at P ≤ 0.05.Results:Postoperative pain intensity was higher in case of AH Plus® sealer followed by Sealapex™ up to 12 h of obturation and was statistically nonsignificant. Apexit® Plus at all time intervals showed statistically significant less pain intensity than AH Plus® and Sealapex™ but not from Resino Seal group. At 9-month follow-up, better healing of periradicular tissues was shown by AH Plus® (48.1%) followed by Apexit® Plus (44.4%) and Sealapex™ (41.2%) with statistically nonsignificant difference.Conclusion:In case of periapical extrusion, both resin-based and Ca(OH)2-based sealers caused postoperative pain. Both Ca(OH)2- and resin-based sealers did not influence the treatment outcome.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Assessment of pain and dissolution of apically extruded sealers and their effect on the periradicular tissues

Govind

Jena

Pattanaik³

et al. 2018

J Conserv Dent

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“…The main functions of root canal sealers are (i) sealing off of voids, patent accessory canals, and multiple foramina, (ii) forming a bond between the core of the filling material and the root canal wall, and (iii) acting as a lubricant while facilitating the placement of the filling core and entombing any remaining bacteria [ 1 ]. Due to the relative biological and technical importance of sealers, their chemical and physical properties have been the subject of considerable attention since their initial development in the early twentieth century [ 2 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Bioceramic-Based Root Canal Sealers: A Review

Al‐Haddad

Aziz

2016

International Journal of Biomaterials

291

214

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Bioceramic-based root canal sealers are considered to be an advantageous technology in endodontics. The aim of this review was to consider laboratory experiments and clinical studies of these sealers. An extensive search of the endodontic literature was made to identify publications related to bioceramic-based root canal sealers. The outcome of laboratory and clinical studies on the biological and physical properties of bioceramic-based sealers along with comparative studies with other sealers was assessed. Several studies were evaluated covering different properties of bioceramic-based sealers including physical properties, biocompatibility, sealing ability, adhesion, solubility, and antibacterial efficacy. Bioceramic-based sealers were found to be biocompatible and comparable to other commercial sealers. The clinical outcomes associated with the use of bioceramic-based root canal sealers are not established in the literature.

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“…During root canal treatment, the infected tissues are removed, and the root canal system is shaped, disinfected, and sealed with a core bio-inert material (e.g., gutta percha) combined with an endodontic sealer. 4 The elimination of infection within the canal is crucial for the success of a root canal treatment, which is currently carried out through a variety of chemo-mechanical techniques. 5,6 Due to the complicated anatomical structure of the tooth root, it is well known that the complete eradication of the bacteria in the canal and dentin tubules is virtually impossible, regardless of instrumentation and irrigation procedures.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Bioactive mono-dispersed nanospheres with long-term antibacterial effects for endodontic sealing

Cheng

et al. 2017

J. Mater. Chem. B

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Endodontic sealers with antibacterial capability play an important role in preventing reinfection of an endodontically treated root canal and improving the long-term success of root canal treatment. However, current endodontic sealers rapidly lose their antibacterial properties after fixation. In this work, we designed and synthesized quaternized mono-dispersed bioactive nanospheres as a potential substrate for the development of a long-term antibacterial endodontic sealer with excellent cytocompatibility and biocompatibility. First, mono-dispersed silica-based bioactive glass nanospheres (SBG-NS) were prepared via a modified sol-gel process. Next, a series of quaternary ammonium methacrylate salts (QAMs) with broad antibacterial spectra were synthesized and grafted onto the surfaces of the SBG-NS via a two-step coupling approach. The antibacterial effect of the quaternary ammonium polymethacrylate (QAPM)-containing SBG-NS (SBG-QAPM) against persistent microorganisms associated with infected root canals was evaluated using a direct contact test. Evaluations of the SBG-QAPM cytocompatibility and biocompatibility were performed using LIVE/DEAD staining, 3-(4, 5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2, 5-diphenyl-2, 5-tetrazoliumbromide (MTT) assay, and a calvarial implantation model. The results showed that the SBG-QAPMs had the strongest long-term antibacterial effect against the Enterococcus faecalis, Streptococcus mutans, and Streptococcus sanguis during the study period, the best cytocompatibility, and the lowest systemic inflammation compared to three commercial products: ProRoot MTA, Endomethasone C, and AH Plus. In addition, the SBG-QAPMs showed excellent stability in aqueous solution. This work indicates that the SBG-QAPMs are promising substrates for the development of long-term antibacterial endodontic sealers.

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Biotoxicity of commonly used root canal sealers: A meta-analysis

Cited by 71 publications

References 36 publications

Assessment of pain and dissolution of apically extruded sealers and their effect on the periradicular tissues

Assessment of pain and dissolution of apically extruded sealers and their effect on the periradicular tissues

Bioceramic-Based Root Canal Sealers: A Review

Bioactive mono-dispersed nanospheres with long-term antibacterial effects for endodontic sealing

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