Bipolar membrane electrodialysis for the recycling of ammonium chloride wastewater: Membrane selection and process optimization

Lv, Yan; Yan, Haiyang; Yang, Baocheng; Wu, Cuiming; Zhang, Xu; Wang, Xiaolin

doi:10.1016/j.cherd.2018.08.014

Cited by 63 publications

(24 citation statements)

References 28 publications

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“…A solution might come from electrodialysis to recover the BTMG or BTPP bases from their corresponding hydrogen chloride salt, a process which has been successfully applied to generate ammonia from ammonium chloride. 19 In contrast to TBDH, the silylium adducts [BaseSiMe3]Cl were not formed in benzene with the bases MeTBD, BTMG, and BTPP, while the hydrogenolysis by-product [BaseH]Cl deposited gradually, except for [BTPPH]Cl which is soluble in benzene. Decreasing the H2 pressure to 1 bar somewhat decreased the conversion of Me3SiCl (23%) and the yield in Me3SiH (18 % after 18 h) (Table 1, entry 8).…”

Section: Scheme 1 Different Synthetic Ways From Chlorosilanes To Hydrosilanesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Unlocking the Catalytic Hydrogenolysis of Chlorosilanes into Hydrosilanes with Superbases

et al. 2021

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Section: Scheme 1 Different Synthetic Ways From Chlorosilanes To Hydrosilanesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Unlocking the Catalytic Hydrogenolysis of Chlorosilanes into Hydrosilanes with Superbases

et al. 2021

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“…and OH -; therefore, H ? and OHcan be combined with other ions in solution [213,225]. The results show that after ED treatment of a Li 2 CO 3 feed solution using a bipolar membrane, the purity of the obtained LiOH can reach 95% [224].…”

Section: Electrodialysis Technologymentioning

confidence: 89%

Materials for lithium recovery from salt lake brine

et al. 2020

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Rapid developments in the electric industry have promoted an increasing demand for lithium resources. Lithium in salt lake brines has emerged as the main source for industrial lithium extraction, owing to its low cost and extensive reserves. The effective separation of Mg 2? and Li ? is critical to achieving high recovery efficiency and purity of the final lithium product. This paper summarizes Mg 2? /Li ? separation materials and methods in the field of lithium recovery from salt lake brines. The review begins with an introduction to the global distribution and demand for lithium resources, followed by a description of the materials used in various separation techniques, including precipitation, adsorption, solvent extraction, nanofiltration membrane, electrodialysis, and electrochemical methods. A comparison, analysis, and outlook of such methods are comprehensively discussed in terms of principles, mechanisms, synthesis/operation, development, and industrial applications. We conclude with a presentation of challenges and insights into the future directions of lithium extraction from salt lake brines. A combination of the advantages of various materials is the most logical step toward developing novel methods for extracting lithium from brines with high separation selectivity, stability, low cost, and environmentally friendly characteristics.

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“…Phosphogypsum (CaSO 4 ) by-product from phosphoric acid production can be converted by NaOH into Ca(OH) 2 and Na 2 SO 4 , thus splitting the salt into base and sulphuric acid via BMED [ 273 ]. Other applications were proposed to convert NH 4 Cl into HCl and NH 3 [ 274 , 275 ], NH 4 HCO 3 into NH 3 and CO 2 [ 276 ], Na 3 PO 4 into H 3 PO 4 and NaOH [ 277 ], NaBr into HBr and NaOH [ 278 , 279 ], Na 2 SO 4 /(NH 4 ) 2 SO 4 into H 2 SO 4 and NaOH/NH 3 [ 280 ], NaCl/KCl into HCl and NaOH/KOH [ 281 ], boron into boric acid [ 282 , 283 , 284 ].…”

Section: Industrial Wastewatermentioning

confidence: 99%

Electrodialysis Applications in Wastewater Treatment for Environmental Protection and Resources Recovery: A Systematic Review on Progress and Perspectives

et al. 2020

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This paper presents a comprehensive review of studies on electrodialysis (ED) applications in wastewater treatment, outlining the current status and the future prospect. ED is a membrane process of separation under the action of an electric field, where ions are selectively transported across ion-exchange membranes. ED of both conventional or unconventional fashion has been tested to treat several waste or spent aqueous solutions, including effluents from various industrial processes, municipal wastewater or salt water treatment plants, and animal farms. Properties such as selectivity, high separation efficiency, and chemical-free treatment make ED methods adequate for desalination and other treatments with significant environmental benefits. ED technologies can be used in operations of concentration, dilution, desalination, regeneration, and valorisation to reclaim wastewater and recover water and/or other products, e.g., heavy metal ions, salts, acids/bases, nutrients, and organics, or electrical energy. Intense research activity has been directed towards developing enhanced or novel systems, showing that zero or minimal liquid discharge approaches can be techno-economically affordable and competitive. Despite few real plants having been installed, recent developments are opening new routes for the large-scale use of ED techniques in a plethora of treatment processes for wastewater.

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Bipolar membrane electrodialysis for the recycling of ammonium chloride wastewater: Membrane selection and process optimization

Cited by 63 publications

References 28 publications

Unlocking the Catalytic Hydrogenolysis of Chlorosilanes into Hydrosilanes with Superbases

Unlocking the Catalytic Hydrogenolysis of Chlorosilanes into Hydrosilanes with Superbases

Materials for lithium recovery from salt lake brine

Electrodialysis Applications in Wastewater Treatment for Environmental Protection and Resources Recovery: A Systematic Review on Progress and Perspectives

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