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Aerts, Diederik

doi:10.1023/a:1026605829007

Cited by 97 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 33 publications

(6 reference statements)

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“…The generalized axiomatic operational quantum formalism in which we performed this investigation on separated physical entities is the one currently referred to as the Geneva-Brussels School on quantum theory (Piron, 1964, 1976, 1989, 1990; Aerts, 1982a, 1983a,b, 1986, 1999a,b, 2009c; Cattaneo and Nistico, 1991, 1993; Aerts et al, 1999; Aerts and Van Steirteghem, 2000; Coeck et al, 2000; Smets, 2003; Engesser et al, 2007; Sassoli de Bianchi, 2010, 2011, 2013). …”

Section: Quantum Axiomatics and Separationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Quantum theory and human perception of the macro-world

Aerts¹

2014

Front. Psychol.

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We investigate the question of ‘why customary macroscopic entities appear to us humans as they do, i.e., as bounded entities occupying space and persisting through time’, starting from our knowledge of quantum theory, how it affects the behavior of such customary macroscopic entities, and how it influences our perception of them. For this purpose, we approach the question from three perspectives. Firstly, we look at the situation from the standard quantum angle, more specifically the de Broglie wavelength analysis of the behavior of macroscopic entities, indicate how a problem with spin and identity arises, and illustrate how both play a fundamental role in well-established experimental quantum-macroscopical phenomena, such as Bose-Einstein condensates. Secondly, we analyze how the question is influenced by our result in axiomatic quantum theory, which proves that standard quantum theory is structurally incapable of describing separated entities. Thirdly, we put forward our new ‘conceptual quantum interpretation’, including a highly detailed reformulation of the question to confront the new insights and views that arise with the foregoing analysis. At the end of the final section, a nuanced answer is given that can be summarized as follows. The specific and very classical perception of human seeing—light as a geometric theory—and human touching—only ruled by Pauli's exclusion principle—plays a role in our perception of macroscopic entities as ontologically stable entities in space. To ascertain quantum behavior in such macroscopic entities, we will need measuring apparatuses capable of its detection. Future experimental research will have to show if sharp quantum effects—as they occur in smaller entities—appear to be ontological aspects of customary macroscopic entities. It remains a possibility that standard quantum theory is an incomplete theory, and hence incapable of coping ultimately with separated entities, meaning that a more general theory will be needed.

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Section: Quantum Axiomatics and Separationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Quantum theory and human perception of the macro-world

Aerts¹

2014

Front. Psychol.

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“…Indeed, the probabilities that appear in them express (as in the standard interpretation of QM; see Sec. 1) our subjective ignorance about the actual state of the entity [14].…”

Section: The Subentity Problem In the Brussels Approachmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…According to Aerts [14], [15], the subentity problem was known from the early days of QM, but it was more or less concealed by the confusion that often exists in the literature between proper and improper mixtures. Indeed, many papers and textbooks on QM (see, e.g., [8], [22]) write that whenever a compound system is in a pure nonproduct state, the subsystems are in mixed states and not in pure states: namely, the mixed states represented by the density operators obtained by taking partial traces.…”

Section: Definitionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The physical interpretation of partial traces: Two nonstandard views

Garola

Sozzo

2007

Theor Math Phys

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Mixed states are introduced in physics to express our ignorance about the actual state of a physical system and are represented in standard quantum mechanics by density operators. Such operators also appear if we consider a (pure) entangled state of a compound system Ω and take partial traces on the projection operator representing it. But because the coefficients in the convex sums expressing them never bear the ignorance interpretation in this case, they represent not mixed states (proper mixtures) but improper mixtures of the subsystems. Hence, states cannot be attributed to the subsystems of a compound physical system in an entangled state (the subentity problem). We discuss two alternative proposals that can be developed in the Brussels and the Lecce approaches. We firstly summarize the general framework provided by the Brussels approach, which suggests that improper mixtures can be regarded as new pure states. We then show that improper mixtures can also be regarded as true (but nonpure) states according to the Lecce approach. Despite their different terminologies, the two proposals seem compatible.

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“…Поэтому некоторые авторы говорят, что оператор ρ 1 представляет несоб-ственную смесь, в отличие от собственной смеси, которую представляет ρ (см., например, [4], [6], [7]). Как следствие, в стандартной квантовой механике операто-ры плотности, полученные путем вычисления частичных следов, как правило, не представляют ни чистых, ни смешанных состояний составных подсистем, так что эти подсистемы никогда нельзя рассматривать как независимые сущности, что при-водит к так называемой проблеме подсущностей [8]- [10].…”

Section: Introductionunclassified

Собственные Смеси Против Несобственных: На Пути К Кватернионной Квантовой Механике

Masillo¹,

Сколаричи²,

Scolarici³

et al. 2009

ТМФ

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Операторы плотности, полученные путем вычисления частичных следов, представляют собой несобственные смеси подсистем составной физической си-стемы, поскольку коэффициенты в выпуклых суммах, через которые они выра-жаются, никогда не несут интерпретации незнания. Следовательно, поставить в соответствие таким подсистемам состояния в стандартной квантовой меха-нике проблематично (проблема подсущности). При интерпретации квантовой механики в рамках семантического реализма вместо этого предложено рассмат-ривать несобственные смеси как истинно нечистые состояния, концептуально отличающиеся от собственных смесей. На основе этого предложения показано, что в кватернионной формулировке квантовой механики собственные и несоб-ственные смеси могут быть представлены с помощью различных операторов плотности, и поэтому их можно различать также и с математической точки зрения. Приведен простой пример, имеющий отношение к квантовой теории измерений.Ключевые слова: кватернионная квантовая механика, собственные и несобственные смеси, проблема подсущности, семантический реализм.

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Cited by 97 publications

References 33 publications

Quantum theory and human perception of the macro-world

Quantum theory and human perception of the macro-world

The physical interpretation of partial traces: Two nonstandard views

Собственные Смеси Против Несобственных: На Пути К Кватернионной Квантовой Механике

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