Black Phosphorus Based Photocathodes in Wideband Bifacial Dye‐Sensitized Solar Cells

Abstract

Ultrasmall black phosphorus quantum dots (BPQDs) serve as the near-infrared light absorber and charge transfer layer in the photocathode of a bifacial n-type dye sensitized solar cell. Wideband light absorption and ≈20% enhancement in the light-to-electron efficiency are accomplished due to the fast carrier transfer and complementary light absorption by the BPQDs demonstrating that BP has large potential in photovoltaics.

Black Phosphorus Rediscovered: From Bulk Material to Monolayers

“…Besides the above applications,BPhas also been tested as anew material for water splitting, [73,[247][248][249][250][251] photovoltaic (PV) solar cells, [214,252,253] and photodetectors. [86,203,[224][225][226][227][228][229][230] Wang and co-workers developed athermal-vaporization transformation (TVT) to deposit orthorhombic BP on athin Ti foil and CNT matrix to obtain BP thin films and BP particles for anodic water splitting.…”

“…[258] Graphene has azero band gap and TMDs, specifically MoS 2 ,h as an indirect band-gap energy of 1.23-1.69 eV,b ut semiconductor BP has at unable band gap with ap redicted direct band gap of 0.3-2.0 eV, [55,59,126,[259][260][261][262][263][264][265] which suggests the suitability of BP for solar water splitting. [214,252,253] Ultrasmall BP QDs incorporated into ap olyaniline (PANI) film can function as an absorber of NIR light and charge-transfer layer in the photocathode of ab ifacial n-type dye-sensitized solar cell ( Figure 6C). [214,252,253] Ultrasmall BP QDs incorporated into ap olyaniline (PANI) film can function as an absorber of NIR light and charge-transfer layer in the photocathode of ab ifacial n-type dye-sensitized solar cell ( Figure 6C).…”

“…[266] Despite theoretical studies suggesting BP has considerable promise in PV solar cells, [265,267,268] successful experimental demonstrations of the use of BP in solar cells are still rare. [214,252,253] Ultrasmall BP QDs incorporated into ap olyaniline (PANI) film can function as an absorber of NIR light and charge-transfer layer in the photocathode of ab ifacial n-type dye-sensitized solar cell ( Figure 6C). Theb roadband absorption of light leads to al ight-to-electron power conversion efficiency( PCE) of about 7%,a ne nhancement of about 20 %w ith respect to an electrode without BP QDs, because of the fast carrier transfer and complementary light absorption by the BP QDs.…”

“…Theb roadband absorption of light leads to al ight-to-electron power conversion efficiency( PCE) of about 7%,a ne nhancement of about 20 %w ith respect to an electrode without BP QDs, because of the fast carrier transfer and complementary light absorption by the BP QDs. [252] Another study proposes that a1 0nmt hick exfoliated few-layers BP can serve as an effective electron-transport layer in organic PV (OPV) cells. ThePCE of the BP-incorporated OPV cell can be 11 %, with al ight-to-electron PCE of about 8% ( Figure 6D).…”

Fluorination‐Enhanced Ambient Stability and Electronic Tolerance of Black Phosphorus Quantum Dots

“…During the EESF, the 1‐ethyl‐3‐methylimidazolium tetrafluoroborate ([EMIM][BF 4 ])/acetonitrile (MeCN) electrolyte used was discolored from transparent to light yellow because of the generation of bulk BP exfoliates 29. However, the standing electrolyte persisted to develop a deep yellow color after EESF, suggesting that the color reaction of MeCN with F − occurred in the electrolyte30 $2{\mathrm{normalF}}^{-}\hspace{0.17em}+\hspace{0.17em}{\mathrm{CH}}_{\mathrm{normal3}}\mathrm{CN}\to {\mathrm{HF}}_{\mathrm{normal2}}^{-}+{\mathrm{CH}}_{\mathrm{normal2}}{\mathrm{CN}}^{-}$ …”