Black tea theaflavins attenuate <i>Porphyromonas gingivalis</i> virulence properties, modulate gingival keratinocyte tight junction integrity and exert anti‐inflammatory activity

Lagha, Amel Ben; Grenier, Daniel

doi:10.1111/jre.12411

Cited by 37 publications

(31 citation statements)

References 64 publications

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“…In addition, TFs can attenuate the secretion of IL‐8 in oral epithelial cells after stimulation with LPS by inhibiting activation of the IkappaB kinase and activator protein‐1 pathways . Recently, Ben Lagha and Grenier reported that TFs can inhibit IL‐6, IL‐8, and MMP‐9 secretion from P. gingivalis ‐stimulated macrophages, mostly likely by blocking activation of the NF‐κB signaling pathway. These data indicate that TFs may play a significant role in antiinflammatory effects.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In addition, TF‐3 inhibited tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily 14‐induced IL‐6 production in human gingival fibroblasts . Recently, it was reported that TFs attenuated the secretion of IL‐6, chemokine ligand 8 (CXCL‐8 or IL‐8), and MMP‐9 in macrophages stimulated by Porphyromonas gingivalis …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Recently, locally delivered green tea extract gel has been used as an adjunct to nonsurgical periodontal treatment . However, few studies have shown the potential effects of TFs in the control of periodontal disease, and these studies were limited to in vitro experiments . Thus, both the in vivo effects of TFs on individual inflammatory responses and the possibility for clinical application are poorly understood.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Effects of theaflavins on tissue inflammation and bone resorption on experimental periodontitis in rats

Kuraji

Taya

et al. 2018

J of Periodontal Research

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Background and ObjectiveTheaflavins (TFs), the major polyphenol in black tea, have the ability to reduce inflammation and bone resorption. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of TFs on experimental periodontitis in rats.Material and MethodsThirty rats were divided into five groups: Control (glycerol application without ligation), Ligature (glycerol application with ligation), TF1 (1 mg/mL TF application with ligation), TF10 (10 mg/mL TF application with ligation), and TF100 (100 mg/mL TF application with ligation). To induce experimental periodontitis, ligatures were placed around maxillary first molars bilaterally. After ligature placement, 100 μL glycerol or TFs were topically applied to the rats daily, and rats were euthanized 7 days after ligature placement. Micro‐computed tomography was used to measure bone resorption in the left side of the maxilla, and quantitative polymerase chain reaction was used to measure the expression of interleukin (IL)‐6, growth‐regulated gene product/cytokine‐induced neutrophil chemoattractant (Gro/Cinc‐1, rat equivalent of IL‐8), matrix metalloproteinase‐9 (Mmp‐9), receptor activator of nuclear factor‐kappa Β ligand (Rankl), osteoprotegerin (Opg), and the Rankl/Opg ratio in gingival tissue. With tissue from the right side of the maxilla, hematoxylin and eosin staining was used for histological analysis, immunohistochemical staining for leukocyte common antigen (CD45) was used to assess inflammation, and tartrate‐resistant acid phosphatase (TRAP) staining was used to observe the number of osteoclasts.ResultsThe TF10 and TF100 groups, but not the TF1 group, had significant inhibition of alveolar bone loss, reduction in inflammatory cell infiltration in the periodontium, and significantly reduced numbers of CD45‐positive cells and TRAP‐positive osteoclasts compared with the Ligature group. Correspondingly, the TF10 and TF100 groups had significantly downregulated gene expression of IL‐6, Gro/Cinc‐1(IL‐8), Mmp‐9, and Rankl, but not of Opg. Consequently, Rankl/Opg expression was significantly increased in the Ligation group but was attenuated in the TF10 and TF100 groups.ConclusionThe results of this study suggest that topical application of TFs may reduce inflammation and bone resorption in experimental periodontitis. Therefore, TFs have therapeutic potential in the treatment of periodontal disease.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Effects of theaflavins on tissue inflammation and bone resorption on experimental periodontitis in rats

Kuraji

Taya

et al. 2018

J of Periodontal Research

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“…The effect of resveratrol on the adherence of P. gingivalis to Matrigel™ (BD Biosciences, San Jose, CA, USA), a basement membrane matrix model composed of several extracellular matrix proteins, including laminin, type IV collagen, heparin sulfate proteoglycans, and entactin, was evaluated. Porphyromonas gingivalis cells were first labeled with fluorescein isothiocyanate (FITC) as described in a previous study (Ben Lagha & Grenier, ). FITC‐labeled bacteria were suspended in PBS.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…After 24 hr, the cells were collected by centrifugation and were lysed. mRNA was purified using an RNeasy plus minikit (Qiagen Canada Inc., Toronto, ON, Canada) and was reverse‐transcribed into cDNA before performing a quantitative real‐time PCR analysis to quantify TREM‐1 and DAP12 mRNA expression as described in a previous study (Ben Lagha & Grenier, ). The GAPDH rRNA gene was used as an internal control for data normalization.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Resveratrol attenuates the pathogenic and inflammatory properties of Porphyromonas gingivalis

Lagha

Andrian

Grenier

2019

Molecular Oral Microbiology

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Porphyromonas gingivalis has been strongly associated with chronic periodontitis, which affects tooth‐supporting tissues. This Gram‐negative anaerobic bacterium produces a repertoire of virulence factors that modulate tissue destruction directly or indirectly by the induction of inflammatory processes. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of resveratrol, a major polyphenol found in grapes and wine, on the growth and virulence properties of P. gingivalis as well as on gingival keratinocyte tight junction integrity and the host inflammatory response. Resveratrol exhibited antibacterial activity that may result from damage to the bacterial cell membrane. Resveratrol also killed a pre‐formed P. gingivalis biofilm and reduced bacterial adherence to matrix proteins. In addition, resveratrol had a protective effect on the integrity of the keratinocyte tight junctions by inhibiting its breakdown by P. gingivalis. This may be related to the ability of resveratrol to inhibit the protease activities of P. gingivalis. Lastly, resveratrol reduced P. gingivalis‐mediated activation of the NF‐κB signaling pathway and attenuated TREM‐1 gene expression as well as soluble TREM‐1 secretion in monocytes. The effect on NF‐κB activation likely results from the ability of resveratrol to act as a PPAR‐γ agonist. In summary, the antibacterial, anti‐adherence, and antiprotease properties of resveratrol, as well as its ability to protect the gingival keratinocyte barrier and attenuate the inflammatory response in monocytes suggest that it may be a promising novel therapeutic agent for treating periodontal disease.

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Tart cherry (Prunus cerasus L.) fractions inhibit biofilm formation and adherence properties of oral pathogens and enhance oral epithelial barrier function

Lagha

LeBel

Grenier

2019

Phytotherapy Research

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Dental caries, candidiasis, and periodontal disease are the most common oral infections affecting a wide range of the population worldwide. The present study investigated the effects of two tart cherry (Prunus cerasus L.) fractions on important oral pathogens, including Candida albicans, Streptococcus mutans, and Fusobacterium nucleatum, as well as on the barrier function of oral epithelial cells. Procyanidins and quercetin and its derivatives were the most important constituents found in the tart cherry fractions. Although the fractions showed poor antimicrobial activity, they inhibited biofilm formation by the three oral pathogens in a dose‐dependent manner. The tart cherry fractions also attenuated the adherence of C. albicans and S. mutans to a hydroxylapatite surface as well as the adherence of F. nucleatum to oral epithelial cells. Treating oral epithelial cells with the tart cherry fractions significantly enhanced the barrier function as determined by monitoring the transepithelial electrical resistance. In conclusion, this study showed that the tart cherry fractions and their bioactive constituents could be promising antiplaque compounds by targeting biofilm formation and adherence properties of oral pathogens. Furthermore, its property of increasing the epithelial barrier function may protect against microbial invasion of the underlying connective tissue.

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Black tea theaflavins attenuate Porphyromonas gingivalis virulence properties, modulate gingival keratinocyte tight junction integrity and exert anti‐inflammatory activity

Abstract: This study provides clear evidence that black tea TFs represent promising multifunctional therapeutic agents for prevention and treatment of periodontal disease.

Cited by 37 publications

References 64 publications

Effects of theaflavins on tissue inflammation and bone resorption on experimental periodontitis in rats

Effects of theaflavins on tissue inflammation and bone resorption on experimental periodontitis in rats

Resveratrol attenuates the pathogenic and inflammatory properties of Porphyromonas gingivalis

Tart cherry (Prunus cerasus L.) fractions inhibit biofilm formation and adherence properties of oral pathogens and enhance oral epithelial barrier function

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