Blockchain-Based Decentralized Application: A Survey

Zheng, Peilin; Jiang, Zigui; Wu, Jiajing; Zheng, Zibin

doi:10.1109/ojcs.2023.3251854

Cited by 30 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 48 publications

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“…This structure ensures openness, resistance to censorship, and self-governance, and eliminates the need for middlemen. They are often open source and use decentralized consensus methods to validate and record transactions, increasing security and tokens (P. Zheng, Jiang, Wu, & Zheng, 2023;Z. Zheng, Xie, Dai, Chen, & Wang, 2017).…”

Section: Web3 Applicationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Development of Web3 Awareness Scale as the Next Evolution of the Internet

UYSAL,

ÜSTÜNDAĞ,

ÇELİK

et al. 2024

Participatory Educational Research

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Web3, characterized by its decentralization, user autonomy, and integration of blockchain technologies, introduces a novel ecosystem that is rife with both opportunities and complexities. While these advances are rewriting the conventional norms of digital interaction and data management, they are also ushering in a new set of challenges and learning curves. We introduce the "Web3 Awareness Scale" as a main element through the current study. This carefully designed scale assesses university students' understanding and readiness for the emerging landscape of Web3. Whilst the article provides detailed insights into the technical, real-world applications and challenges of Web3, the inclusion of the scale emphasizes the practical assessment of awareness and readiness among key digital natives - students. As a result of the EFA, 6 items were removed from the scale, and the total explained variance of the two-factor structure consisted of 31. The final version of the scale showed a total explained variation of 64.16%. Specifically, the first factor, Opportunities, accounted for 46.94% of the variance, while the second factor, Risks, accounted for 17.21% of the variance. It is found that the coefficients of all factors indicate a very highly reliable measurement. The interpretation is that both the total scale and each factor have a high level of reliability. The findings from the scale are critical and have the potential to provide invaluable insights. These insights are expected to shape future educational curricula and policy-making, ensuring that the next generation is well-equipped to navigate and exploit the opportunities of Web3.

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Section: Web3 Applicationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Development of Web3 Awareness Scale as the Next Evolution of the Internet

UYSAL,

ÜSTÜNDAĞ,

ÇELİK

et al. 2024

Participatory Educational Research

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“…User-facing applications utilizing a blockchain in its back-end. Currently, the primary use for dApps is in finance, primarily on the Ethereum blockchain [7]. Decentralized finance (DeFi) is an umbrella term for decentralized exchanges, lending protocols, derivatives, insurance, and more.…”

Section: Blockchain: a Trust Machinementioning

confidence: 99%

“…Once published, the code cannot be changed but it can be audited by all parties. The logic outlined in the contract is executed when a party interacts with the contract [7]. This allows parties to engage in complex transactions without the need to trust one another -the operation is trustless [8].…”

Section: Blockchain: a Trust Machinementioning

confidence: 99%

Missing Links: Current Trends and Future Potential in the Application of Blockchain Oracles

Heidt,

Sandner,

Anders

2024

Preprint

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Oracles have been suggested as a vital piece of infrastructure necessary to allow blockchain-based smart contracts to reach their full potential by interacting with real-world data. This paper begins by providing an approachable entry point to the oracle problem and the current landscape of existing solutions. From there, we provide an overview of published research to narrow down unexplored research directions and derive questions for interviews. Finally, the results of 15 unstructured expert interviews are presented and discussed. The focus here is the industry landscape of oracle projects, opportunities for innovation, and challenges needing to be overcome.

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“…In addition, Ethereum has transitioned its consensus mechanism from Proof of Work (PoW) to Proof of Stake (PoS) in 2022, i.e., the so-called Merge [64], to significantly reduce the criticized energy cost. Ethereum is usually characterized by three features: (i) smart contract [65]; (ii) Ethereum virtual machine (EVM) [66] and (iii) decentralized applications (DAPPs) [67]. Apart from the wide application in public settings, Ethereum can also be deployed in a consortium [68] or private [69] manner.…”

Section: Ethereummentioning

confidence: 99%

A Survey of Consortium Blockchain and Its Applications

Chen,

He,

Sun

et al. 2024

Cryptography

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Blockchain is a revolutionary technology that has reshaped the trust model among mutually distrustful peers in a distributed network. While blockchain is well-known for its initial usage in a public manner, such as the cryptocurrency of Bitcoin, consortium blockchain, which requires authentication of all involved participants, has also been widely adopted in various domains. Nevertheless, there is a lack of comprehensive study of consortium blockchain in terms of its architecture design, consensus mechanisms, comparative performance, etc. In this study, we aim to fill this gap by surveying the most popular consortium blockchain platforms and assessing their core designs in a layered fashion. Particularly, Byzantine fault tolerant (BFT) state machine replication (SMR) is introduced to act as a basic computational model of consortium blockchain. Then the consortium blockchain is split into the hardware layer, layer-0 (network layer), layer-I (data layer, consensus layer and contract layer), layer-II protocols, and application layer. Each layer is presented with closely related discussion and analysis. Furthermore, with the extraction of the core functionalities, i.e., robust storage and guaranteed execution, that a consortium blockchain can provide, several typical consortium blockchain-empowered decentralized application scenarios are introduced. With these thorough studies and analyses, this work aims to systematize the knowledge dispersed in the consortium blockchain, highlight the unsolved challenges, and also indicate the propitious avenues of future work.

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Blockchain-Based Decentralized Application: A Survey

Cited by 30 publications

References 48 publications

Development of Web3 Awareness Scale as the Next Evolution of the Internet

Development of Web3 Awareness Scale as the Next Evolution of the Internet

Missing Links: Current Trends and Future Potential in the Application of Blockchain Oracles

A Survey of Consortium Blockchain and Its Applications

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