Blood Compatible Graphene/Heparin Conjugate through Noncovalent Chemistry

Lee, Da Young; Khatun, Zehedina; Lee, Jihoon; Lee, Yong-Kyu; In, Insik

doi:10.1021/bm101031a

Cited by 194 publications

(96 citation statements)

References 36 publications

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“…46 Despite the higher stability than lGO counterpart, considerable sediments still appeared at day 2 in the 10% serum solutions of both hGO and hGO/mPEG, owing to the intrinsically high absorption capability of GO to serum components ( Figure 1B). 9,17 Also, the noncovalent complexation with NP could effectively enhance the stability of the aqueous hGO dispersion. When the images between Figure 1B and C are compared, it was found that the PEGylation strategy proposed herein appeared to be less efficacious to stabilize hGO dispersion than that to stabilize lGO.…”

Section: ■ Results and Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Graphene-Based Anticancer Nanosystem and Its Biosafety Evaluation Using a Zebrafish Model

et al. 2013

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In this paper, a facile strategy to develop graphenebased delivery nanosystems for effective drug loading and sustained drug release was proposed and validated. Specifically, biocompatible naphthalene-terminated PEG (NP) and anticancer drugs (curcumin or doxorubicin (DOX)) were simultaneously integrated onto oxidized graphene (GO), leading to selfassembled, nanosized complexes. It was found that the oxidation degree of GO had a significant impact on the drug-loading efficiency and the structural stability of nanosystems. Interestingly, the nanoassemblies resulted in more effective cellular entry of DOX in comparison with free DOX or DOX-loaded PEGpolyester micelles at equivalent DOX dose, as demonstrated by confocal microscopy studies. Moreover, the nanoassemblies not only exhibited a sustained drug release pattern without an initial burst release, but also significantly improved the stability of formulations which were resistant to drug leaking even in the presence of strong surfactants such as aromatic sodium benzenesulfonate (SBen) and aliphatic sodium dodecylsulfonate (SDS). In addition, the nanoassemblies without DOX loading showed negligible in vitro cytotoxicity, whereas DOX-loaded counterparts led to considerable toxicity against HeLa cells. The DOX-mediated cytotoxicity of the graphene-based formulation was around 20 folds lower than that of free DOX, most likely due to the slow DOX release from complexes. A zebrafish model was established to assess the in vivo safety profile of curcumin-loaded nanosystems. The results showed they were able to excrete from the zebrafish body rapidly and had nearly no influence on the zebrafish upgrowth. Those encouraging results may prompt the advance of graphene-based nanotherapeutics for biomedical applications.

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Section: ■ Results and Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Graphene-Based Anticancer Nanosystem and Its Biosafety Evaluation Using a Zebrafish Model

et al. 2013

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“…The results also indicate that the hydrophobic interaction between the enzymes and CRGO, in this case, is stronger than the electrostatic interaction between the enzymes and GO [94] . Similarly, Lee et al [95] reported that heparin can also be absorbed on the surface of graphene through hydrophobic interaction. They found that the hydrophobic interaction strongly depends on both electron density and geometry of heparin.…”

Section: Noncovalent Adsorption Of the Protein/ Enzyme Molecules On Tmentioning

confidence: 92%

Interactions of graphene and graphene oxide with proteins and peptides

Zhang

Guo³

et al. 2013

Nanotechnology Reviews

208

107

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This review selectively describes the recent progress in the interactions of proteins (enzymes) and shortchain peptides with graphene and graphene oxide (GO). Particularly, the advances of the immobilization mechanisms of enzymes on graphene and GO, the catalytic properties of the immobilized enzymes, and their applications are summarized in detail. The interfacings of the peptides with graphene and GO, the as assembled conjugates, and their potential applications are discussed briefly. The possible ongoing development for the assembly of conjugates of graphene and GO with proteins and peptides in a controlled manner is speculated upon.

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“…189 Graphene conjugated with heparin chains preserved their anticoagulant activity, and showed a much enhanced anti-factor Xa activity of 29.6 IU/mL compared with pristine GO (1.03 IU/mL). 190 Dextran-reduced GO showed significant biocompatibility with HeLa cells, a cervical cancer cell line. 115 A study by Lee et al 191 demonstrated that graphene-and GO-coated substrates accelerated mesenchymal stem cell (MSC) adhesion, proliferation, and differentiation.…”

Section: Biocompatibility Of Graphenementioning

confidence: 96%

Synthesis, toxicity, biocompatibility, and biomedical applications of graphene and graphene-related materials

Gurunathan¹,

Kim²

2016

IJN

245

140

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Graphene is a two-dimensional atomic crystal, and since its development it has been applied in many novel ways in both research and industry. Graphene possesses unique properties, and it has been used in many applications including sensors, batteries, fuel cells, supercapacitors, transistors, components of high-strength machinery, and display screens in mobile devices. In the past decade, the biomedical applications of graphene have attracted much interest. Graphene has been reported to have antibacterial, antiplatelet, and anticancer activities. Several salient features of graphene make it a potential candidate for biological and biomedical applications. The synthesis, toxicity, biocompatibility, and biomedical applications of graphene are fundamental issues that require thorough investigation in any kind of applications related to human welfare. Therefore, this review addresses the various methods available for the synthesis of graphene, with special reference to biological synthesis, and highlights the biological applications of graphene with a focus on cancer therapy, drug delivery, bio-imaging, and tissue engineering, together with a brief discussion of the challenges and future perspectives of graphene. We hope to provide a comprehensive review of the latest progress in research on graphene, from synthesis to applications.

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Blood Compatible Graphene/Heparin Conjugate through Noncovalent Chemistry

Cited by 194 publications

References 36 publications

Graphene-Based Anticancer Nanosystem and Its Biosafety Evaluation Using a Zebrafish Model

Graphene-Based Anticancer Nanosystem and Its Biosafety Evaluation Using a Zebrafish Model

Interactions of graphene and graphene oxide with proteins and peptides

Synthesis, toxicity, biocompatibility, and biomedical applications of graphene and graphene-related materials

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