Bone Marrow Metastasis of Malignant Melanoma

Uesawa, Mitsuyo; Sato, Kazuya; Ozaki, Katsutoshi; Nagai, Tadashi; Muroi, Kazuo; Ozawa, Keiya

doi:10.2169/internalmedicine.45.1616

Cited by 6 publications

(7 citation statements)

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“…Other similar morphologic findings, included basophilic cytoplasm, cytoplasmic vacuoles, and prominent mitoses. All case series patients showed expected positivity for melanoma markers, including S100, HMB45, and Melan A, which was comparable to the literature that reported immunohistochemical staining results …”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 89%

Bone marrow findings in metastatic melanoma, including role of BRAF immunohistochemistry

Corean

George

Patel

et al. 2019

Int J Lab Hematology

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Introduction We describe peripheral blood smear, bone marrow morphology, histopathology, immunohistochemistry, including BRAF V600E, and molecular testing results of patients with metastatic melanoma to the bone marrow. Methods We performed a retrospective review for patients with metastatic melanoma to the bone marrow at our institution. Bone marrow morphology, histology, immunophenotyping, and cytogenetic/molecular genetic testing were reviewed, and BRAF V600E immunohistochemistry was performed. Results were compared to the literature. Results We identified four patients with metastatic melanoma to the bone marrow presenting with at least one cytopenia. Two of the four patients had leukoerythroblastosis, with three patients having atypical cells on bone marrow aspirate/touch preparation, and all patients had aggregates of atypical cells on biopsy. Immunohistochemistry for S100, Melan A, and HMB45 confirmed the diagnosis in all patients, and BRAF V600E immunohistochemistry was detected in two of four patients, which correlated with molecular testing findings. Review of the literature found 27 total patients, with normocytic anemia and leukoerythroblastosis as common peripheral blood smear findings. Conclusions Features including cytopenias (typically anemia), leukoerythroblastosis, and morphology of cohesive, large atypical cells in aspirate and biopsy, and immunohistochemical expression for S100, Melan A, and HMB45 were present in patients with metastatic melanoma. BRAF V600E immunohistochemistry is useful as a surrogate marker of molecular results. Regardless of clinical history, at the time of the bone marrow biopsies, hematologic malignancies are in the main differential diagnosis and very rarely included metastatic melanoma, likely due to the under‐recognized metastatic potential of melanoma to the bone marrow.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 89%

Bone marrow findings in metastatic melanoma, including role of BRAF immunohistochemistry

Corean

George

Patel

et al. 2019

Int J Lab Hematology

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“…Because making the morphological diagnosis of MUP is often difficult, approximately 10% of MUP lymph node biopsies may be misdiagnosed as anaplastic carcinoma instead of MUP (5). Importantly, most melanoma cells have melanin pigment in their cytoplasm, which is a major clue to suspect MUP; however, the diagnosis of MUP is established based on immunostaining for markers such as HMB-45, Melan-A and S-100 proteins (11,12).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Amelanotic Malignant Melanoma of Unknown Primary Origin Metastasizing to the Bone Marrow: A Case Report and Review of the Literature

et al. 2014

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We herein describe the case of a 77-year-old Japanese man who presented with progressive thrombocytopenia. No lymphadenopathies, bone lesions, hepatosplenomegaly or masses within any internal organs were detectable. Bone marrow smears revealed diffuse infiltration of large atypical cells morphologically resembling mature lymphoid neoplasms. A flow cytometric analysis showed that the tumor cells strongly expressed CD56 without myeloid or lymphoid antigens, suggesting that they were non-hematologic in origin. Ultimately, amelanotic malignant melanoma of unknown primary origin was diagnosed based on positive immunostaining for S100 proteins, HMB-45 and Melan-A. This case illustrates the usefulness of flow cytometric analyses for making such diagnoses. We also review the available literature on similar cases.

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“…Savage et al [ 3 ] studied 97 patients of malignant melanoma, of these, 5.4% had marrow involvement. Bone marrow involvement from retroperitoneal, anal, tonsillar, nasal, osseous and ocular melanoma has been described [ 18 , 24 , 25 , 28 , 29 ]. Interestingly, Spiller et al reported a case of giant congenital nevus with metastatic malignant melanoma in a child [ 27 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Metastatic malignant melanoma in bone marrow with occult primary site- A case report with review of literature

et al. 2007

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Bone Marrow Metastasis of Malignant Melanoma

Cited by 6 publications

References 0 publications

Bone marrow findings in metastatic melanoma, including role of BRAF immunohistochemistry

Bone marrow findings in metastatic melanoma, including role of BRAF immunohistochemistry

Amelanotic Malignant Melanoma of Unknown Primary Origin Metastasizing to the Bone Marrow: A Case Report and Review of the Literature

Metastatic malignant melanoma in bone marrow with occult primary site- A case report with review of literature

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