Bone Regeneration in rat using a gelatin/bioactive glass nanocomposite scaffold along with endothelial cells (HUVECs)

Abstract

In our previous study, a three‐dimensional gelatin/bioactive glass nanocomposite scaffold with a total porosity of about 85% and pore sizes ranging from 200 to 500 μm was prepared through layer solvent casting combined with lamination technique. The aim of this study was to evaluate in vitro biocompatibility and in vivo bone regeneration potential of these scaffolds with and without endothelial cells when implanted into a critical‐sized rat calvarial defect. MTT assay, SEM observation, and DAPI staining were used to evaluate cell viability and adhesion in macroporous scaffolds and results demonstrated that the scaffolds were biocompatible enough to support cell attachment and proliferation. To investigate the in vivo osteogenesis of the scaffold, blank scaffolds and endothelial/scaffold constructs were implanted in critical‐sized defects, whereas in control group defects were left untreated. Bone regeneration and vascularization were evaluated at 1, 4, and 12 weeks postsurgery by histological, immunohistochemical, and histomorphometric analysis. It was shown that both groups facilitated bone growth into the defect area but improved bone regeneration was seen with the incorporation of endothelial cells. The data showed that the porous Gel/BaG nanocomposite scaffolds could well support new bone formation, indicating that the proposed strategy is a promising alternative for tissue‐engineered bone defects.

Nanocomposite scaffold seeded with mesenchymal stem cells for bone repair

“…Short‐term cell viability and cytotoxicity were measured by MTT (Gholipourmalekabadi et al, ) and LDH‐specific activity assay (Rostami et al, ), respectively. For this purpose, the cells were cultured on the scaffold for 24, 48, and 72 h as described in our previous studies (Johari et al, ; Johari et al, ; Kazemi et al, ) and their proliferation rate was compared with those of the cells cultured in a culture plate (as a positive control). After each period of time, the culture medium was removed and centrifuged for the following cytotoxicity assay with LDH.…”

Cholesterol‐conjugated bovine serum albumin nanoparticles as a tamoxifen tumor‐targeted delivery system

“…Nanotechnology is contributing to the diagnosis and treatment of cancer by presenting various nanomaterials and nanotechnology‐based platforms for entering the cancer cell tissues (Kazemi et al, 2018; Gharbavi, Amani, Kheiri‐Manjili, Danafar, & Sharafi, 2018; Moradi, Abdolhosseini, Zarrabi, & Johari, 2019; Sahoo, Parveen, & Panda, 2007). The bovine serum albumin nanoparticles (BSA NPs) are one of the most attractive systems for drug delivery because it is readily available, nontoxic, nonimmunogenic, biocompatible, and biodegradable.…”

Electrospun electroactive nanofibers of gelatin‐oligoaniline/Poly (vinyl alcohol) templates for architecting of cardiac tissue with on‐demand drug release

“…This material is more affordable in comparison with collagen containing Arg‐Gly‐Asp (RGD)‐like sequences of amino‐acids, which enhance cell proliferation, adhesion, and migration. However, gelatin lacks suitable mechanical properties and rapid degradation rate because of collagenase action . To overcome such problem, gelatin has been blended with other polymers to enhance its properties.…”