Bone remodeling induced by mechanical forces is regulated by miRNAs

Wang, Yue; Jia, Lingfei; Zheng, Yunfei; Li, Weiran

doi:10.1042/bsr20180448

Cited by 31 publications

(21 citation statements)

References 121 publications

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“…Bone formation and remodeling in response to mechanical forces are also documented for the cranium. For instance, tooth movement during dental development or orthodontic treatment occurs through bone resorption at sites of bone compression and bone formation at sites of tension ( Enlow and Hans 1996 ; Zhong et al 2013 ; Wang et al 2018 ). Mechanical forces also influence bone growth at sutures and synchondroses, even though the actual mechanisms are complex and differ between static and cyclical load.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Morphometric Variation at Different Spatial Scales: Coordination and Compensation in the Emergence of Organismal Form

et al. 2020

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It is a classic aim of quantitative and evolutionary biology to infer genetic architecture and potential evolutionary responses to selection from the variance–covariance structure of measured traits. But a meaningful genetic or developmental interpretation of raw covariances is difficult, and classic concepts of morphological integration do not directly apply to modern morphometric data. Here, we present a new morphometric strategy based on the comparison of morphological variation across different spatial scales. If anatomical elements vary completely independently, then their variance accumulates at larger scales or for structures composed of multiple elements: morphological variance would be a power function of spatial scale. Deviations from this pattern of “variational self-similarity” (serving as a null model of completely uncoordinated growth) indicate genetic or developmental coregulation of anatomical components. We present biometric strategies and R scripts for identifying patterns of coordination and compensation in the size and shape of composite anatomical structures. In an application to human cranial variation, we found that coordinated variation and positive correlations are prevalent for the size of cranial components, whereas their shape was dominated by compensatory variation, leading to strong canalization of cranial shape at larger scales. We propose that mechanically induced bone formation and remodeling are key mechanisms underlying compensatory variation in cranial shape. Such epigenetic coordination and compensation of growth are indispensable for stable, canalized development and may also foster the evolvability of complex anatomical structures by preserving spatial and functional integrity during genetic responses to selection.[Cranial shape; developmental canalization; evolvability; morphological integration; morphometrics; phenotypic variation; self-similarity.]

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Morphometric Variation at Different Spatial Scales: Coordination and Compensation in the Emergence of Organismal Form

et al. 2020

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“…22,23 Additionally, anti-miR-503, anti-miR-103, and anti-miR-195 may be used to induce the expression of RUNX2 and promote osteoblast differentiation on the stretch side during OTM. 24 The miR-34a, located in chromosome 1p36, is regulated by the p53 transcription factor. The expression of miR-34a is downregulated in multiple cancers, such as tongue squamous cell carcinoma, non-small cell lung cancer, colon cancer, pancreatic cancer, and others.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

MicroRNA-34 expression in gingival crevicular fluid correlated with orthodontic tooth movement

Zhang¹,

Li²,

Zheng³

et al. 2020

The Angle Orthodontist

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Objectives: To explore the expression of miR-34a and its effect on expression of matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) during orthodontic tooth movement (OTM). Materials and Methods: Twenty patients, age 12–18 years old, who underwent orthodontic treatment were enrolled. The expression of miR-34a and MMPs (MMP-1, MMP-2, MMP-3, MMP-8, MMP-9, and MMP-14) were detected in gingival crevicular fluid by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and polymerase chain reaction at different time points. The miR-34a mimics or inhibitors were transfected into human periodontal ligament (hPDL) cells, and the MMP expression was measured by ELISA. Results: The miR-34 expression in GCF on both the tension and pressure sides after orthodontic treatment were significantly downregulated, while the levels of MMPs were significantly upregulated compared with baseline level. The levels of miR-34 and MMPs returned to baseline level 3 months after orthodontic treatment. The expression of miR-34 was negatively correlated with the expression of MMP-2, MMP-9, and MMP-14. After transfection with miR-34, the MMP-2, MMP-9, and MMP-14 expression by hPDL cells were significantly downregulated compared with miR-control and miR-34 inhibitor. Conclusions: Downregulated miR-34 expression was positively correlated with MMP-2, MMP-9, and MMP-14 expression. The miR-34a transfection into hPDL cells inhibited expression of MMPs. The results suggest that miR-34a is involved in expression of MMPs during OTM.

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“…The process of gene therapy using endogenous miRNAs involves selection process of miRNA candidates, design of expression cassettes if constant expression is needed, selection of delivery carrier, and evaluation of system in cells, animal models and clinical trials [114]. Several miRNAs have been reported for their expression and roles in PDL and alveolar bones [115][116][117][118]. Under loading, several miRNAs in PDL and alveolar bone respond to the loading force and orientation of forces in different pattern of expression [119][120][121].…”

Section: Future Of Genetic Manipulation Of Tooth Movementmentioning

confidence: 99%

Advances in Orthodontic Tooth Movement: Gene Therapy and Molecular Biology Aspect

Atsawasuwan¹,

Shirazi²

2019

Current Approaches in Orthodontics

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Accelerated orthodontic tooth movement has been recently the topic of interest for orthodontic practitioners. Increased numbers of both clinical and research articles associated with the accelerated orthodontic treatment have been published in peer-reviewed journals in the last couple of years. Biochemical approaches such as administration of drugs, vitamins, and proteins and/or physical approaches such as surgery, vibration, and photobiomodulation have been widely reported and demonstrated the predicted outcome; however, the results are controversial. Very few reports addressed on genetic background of patients or utilization of molecular biological approach on the accelerated orthodontic treatment. In this chapter, we will discuss about biology of tooth movement and how the advances in gene therapy and molecular biology technology would shape the future of orthodontic treatment.

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Bone remodeling induced by mechanical forces is regulated by miRNAs

Cited by 31 publications

References 121 publications

Morphometric Variation at Different Spatial Scales: Coordination and Compensation in the Emergence of Organismal Form

Morphometric Variation at Different Spatial Scales: Coordination and Compensation in the Emergence of Organismal Form

MicroRNA-34 expression in gingival crevicular fluid correlated with orthodontic tooth movement

Advances in Orthodontic Tooth Movement: Gene Therapy and Molecular Biology Aspect

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