Bonobos, Pan paniscus, chimpanzees, Pan troglodytes, and marmosets, Callithrix jacchus, prefer to feed alone

Bullinger, Anke F.; Burkart, Judith M.; Melis, Alicia P.; Tomasello, Michael

doi:10.1016/j.anbehav.2012.10.006

Cited by 30 publications

(33 citation statements)

References 69 publications

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“…We found that the bonobo group studied here exhibited lower social tolerance, measured as the proportion of the group that entered into close proximity to obtain a resource, than chimpanzees tested in the same paradigm. The species difference that emerged in this study lends support to the claim that the social tolerance of bonobos is not notably high relative to chimpanzees [Jaeggi et al, 2010;Bullinger et al, 2013;Jaeggi et al, 2013]. The bonobos in this study generally avoided conspecifics in the presence of the desirable food when possible.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 61%

“…Bullinger et al [2013] failed to replicate the finding reported by Hare and Kwetuenda [2010]. In contrast, these authors found that bonobos and chimpanzees alike preferred to open a door to allow another to join them more often when there was no food present than when there was food present, suggesting that the presence of desirable food actually decreased their motivation to be near conspecifics.…”

Section: Introductioncontrasting

confidence: 53%

“…It is likely that tolerance, as measured in this study, is also influenced by age (note that in the study that failed to find high social tolerance in bonobos while replicating a previous design, the average age was 15 years [Bullinger et al, 2013]). Similarly, the bonobos' rearing history may also explain differences in tolerance between studies.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 77%

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Bonobos Show Limited Social Tolerance in a Group Setting: A Comparison with Chimpanzees and a Test of the Relational Model

Cronin¹,

Groot²,

Stevens³

2015

IJFP

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Social tolerance is a core aspect of primate social relationships with implications for the evolution of cooperation, prosociality and social learning. We measured the social tolerance of bonobos in an experiment recently validated with chimpanzees to allow for a comparative assessment of group-level tolerance, and found that the bonobo group studied here exhibited lower social tolerance on average than chimpanzees in this paradigm. Furthermore, following the Relational Model of de Waal, we investigated whether bonobos responded to an increased potential for social conflict with tolerance, conflict avoidance or conflict escalation, and found that only behaviours indicative of conflict escalation differed across conditions. Taken together, these findings contribute to the current debate over the level of social tolerance of bonobos and lend support to the position that the social tolerance of bonobos may not be notably high compared with other primates.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 61%

Section: Introductioncontrasting

confidence: 53%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 77%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Bonobos Show Limited Social Tolerance in a Group Setting: A Comparison with Chimpanzees and a Test of the Relational Model

Cronin¹,

Groot²,

Stevens³

2015

IJFP

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“…In contrast, studies with nonhuman primates (in particular great apes) so far suggest either that they prefer acquiring food individually to cooperating with others or that they are indifferent (Bullinger et al, 2013;Bullinger et al, 2011a;Rekers et al, 2011). If they communicate in cooperative situations at all (e.g., begging gestures in food sharing situations), their communication seems to be driven by self-regarding motives to maximize their own pay-off.…”

Section: Nonhuman Primates Compared To Humansmentioning

confidence: 71%

“…For example, when the food in the loose string paradigm is clumped in the middle of the platform and, therefore, potentially monopolizable by one individual, cooperation breaks down (Melis et al, 2006c). In general, when given the choice chimpanzees as well as bonobos, orangutans, and marmosets (Bullinger et al, 2013;Bullinger et al, 2011a;Rossano et al, in preparation;Rekers et al, 2011; but see Hare et al, 2007) prefer to forage alone and thereby to maximize their own food intake. When a highervalue food reward can be obtained by cooperating with others, chimpanzees and orangutans flexibly switch to the cooperative alternative (Bullinger et al, 2011a;Rossano et al, in preparation).…”

Section: Mutualismmentioning

confidence: 94%

Social manipulation in nonhuman primates: Cognitive and motivational determinants

Völter

Rossano

Call

2017

Neuroscience & Biobehavioral Reviews

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Social interactions are the result of individuals’ cooperative and competitive tendencies expressed over an extended period of time. Although social manipulation, i.e., using another individual to achieve one’s own goals, is a crucial aspect of social interactions, there has been no comprehensive attempt to differentiate its various types and to map its cognitive and motivational determinants. For this purpose, we survey in this article the experimental literature on social interactions in nonhuman primates. We take social manipulation, illustrated by a case study with orangutans (Pongo abelii), as our starting point and move in two directions. First, we will focus on a flexibility/sociality axis that includes technical problem solving, social tool-use and communication. Second, we will focus on a motivational/prosociality axis that includes exploitation, cooperation, and helping. Combined, the two axes offer a way to capture a broad range of social interactions performed by human and nonhuman primates

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Personality assessment and model comparison with behavioral data: A statistical framework and empirical demonstration with bonobos (Pan paniscus)

Martin

Suarez

2017

American J Primatol

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Interest in quantifying consistent among-individual variation in primate behavior, also known as personality, has grown rapidly in recent decades. Although behavioral coding is the most frequently utilized method for assessing primate personality, limitations in current statistical practice prevent researchers' from utilizing the full potential of their coding datasets. These limitations include the use of extensive data aggregation, not modeling biologically relevant sources of individual variance during repeatability estimation, not partitioning between-individual (co)variance prior to modeling personality structure, the misuse of principal component analysis, and an over-reliance upon exploratory statistical techniques to compare personality models across populations, species, and data collection methods. In this paper, we propose a statistical framework for primate personality research designed to address these limitations. Our framework synthesizes recently developed mixed-effects modeling approaches for quantifying behavioral variation with an information-theoretic model selection paradigm for confirmatory personality research. After detailing a multi-step analytic procedure for personality assessment and model comparison, we employ this framework to evaluate seven models of personality structure in zoo-housed bonobos (Pan paniscus). We find that differences between sexes, ages, zoos, time of observation, and social group composition contributed to significant behavioral variance. Independently of these factors, however, personality nonetheless accounted for a moderate to high proportion of variance in average behavior across observational periods. A personality structure derived from past rating research receives the strongest support relative to our model set. This model suggests that personality variation across the measured behavioral traits is best described by two correlated but distinct dimensions reflecting individual differences in affiliation and sociability (Agreeableness) as well as activity level, social play, and neophilia toward non-threatening stimuli (Openness). These results underscore the utility of our framework for quantifying personality in primates and facilitating greater integration between the behavioral ecological and comparative psychological approaches to personality research.

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Bonobos, Pan paniscus, chimpanzees, Pan troglodytes, and marmosets, Callithrix jacchus, prefer to feed alone

Cited by 30 publications

References 69 publications

Bonobos Show Limited Social Tolerance in a Group Setting: A Comparison with Chimpanzees and a Test of the Relational Model

Bonobos Show Limited Social Tolerance in a Group Setting: A Comparison with Chimpanzees and a Test of the Relational Model

Social manipulation in nonhuman primates: Cognitive and motivational determinants

Personality assessment and model comparison with behavioral data: A statistical framework and empirical demonstration with bonobos (Pan paniscus)

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