Born to Fail? Policing, Reform and Neighbourhood Problem Solving

Bullock, Karen; Tilley, Nick

doi:10.1350/pojo.2009.82.2.459

Cited by 3 publications

(4 citation statements)

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“…Problem‐oriented policing in the field is often a “one‐off” response to specific problems (Mazerolle, Rombouts, & McBroom, 2007; Scott & Kirbey, 2012; Tilly & Scott, 2012) with little strategic coordination in the larger context of police agencies. Some scholars describe problem‐oriented policing, even in programs that seem to generate meaningful crime prevention benefits, as a form of “shallow problem solving” seldom going much beyond traditional policing tactics (Braga &Weisburd, 2019; see also Boba & Crank, 2008; Bullock & Tilley, 2009). Despite Goldstein's original call for organizational reform, problem‐oriented policing in practice has generally been implemented at the “front‐line service delivery” level and has seldom been institutionalized in the broader organizational context of policing (Cordner & Biebel, 2005; Leigh et al., 1996; Maguire et al., 2015; Tilley & Scott, 2012).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Institutionalizing problem‐oriented policing: An evaluation of the EMUN reform in Israel

Weisburd

Hasisi

Litmanovitz

et al. 2020

Criminology & Public Policy

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The authors would like to thank the Planning and Organization Division of the Israel Police, in particular Lilach Laufman-Gavri for her leadership, and the staff members of the Research, Measurement & Evaluation and GIS subunits for their ongoing support and input that enabled this research. We also thank the commanders and officers interviewed as part of the study for their time and effort. We would like to acknowledge Liz Groff and David Wilson for their methodology consultations and advice. We are also grateful to the special issue editors, Stephen Mastrofski, and the anonymous reviewers for their insightful feedback on earlier versions of this article. Funding information Ministry of Public Security Israel Research Summary: In 1979 Herman Goldstein proposed a radical reform-problem-oriented policing (POP)-which has had tremendous impact on scholars and practitioners. Even though his paper and subsequent work led to a large body of literature on how to carry out problem-oriented policing tactics, scholars have often ignored the question of how POP can be institutionalized in police agencies. In this article, we evaluate a reform in Israel-EMUN-that attempted to institutionalize problem-oriented policing on a national scale. Focusing on property crime, we compare three treatment stations (with high, moderate, and low crime) with control stations chosen through a systematic matching procedure. We find that there are large and significant reductions in the targeted areas (termed "polygons") for high-and moderate-property-crime stations as compared with the control stations. We also do not find evidence of displacement but instead evidence of significant diffusions of crime control benefits. Importantly, property crime declines occurred in these stations overall. Significant benefits were not found for the lowcrime treatment station. We attribute this to the low base rate of crimes and low resource allocation in this station. Policy Implications: These findings suggest that the EMUN reform provides a potential model for institutionalizing problem-oriented policing as an organizational reform. EMUN attempted to support and reinforce each of the main steps of the problem-oriented

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confidence: 99%

Institutionalizing problem‐oriented policing: An evaluation of the EMUN reform in Israel

Weisburd

Hasisi

Litmanovitz

et al. 2020

Criminology & Public Policy

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“…This has ramifications for the third and final pillar, that of problem-solving. Neighbourhood policing departs from earlier problem-oriented policing approaches (Goldstein, 1979) in its insistence that the community be involved in solving problems at every stage (Bullock and Tilley, 2009). If the methods through which police identify and resolve problems exclude sectors of the community, this has ramifications for the legitimacy of those processes.…”

Section: Literaturementioning

confidence: 99%

“…Most evaluations of community policing underline that organisational elements are crucial (Quinton and Morris, 2008). Problem-solving for example is most effective when supported by sound analytical capacity (Bullock and Tilley, 2009; Colover and Quinton, 2018) and recruitment and retention into neighbourhood policing roles undertaken with care (Bullock and Tilley, 2009; Colover and Quinton, 2018). Moreover, the importance of setting clear organisational expectations for neighbourhood policing is evident; community policing is not always explicitly about reducing crime and its success is difficult to measure by such metrics.…”

Section: Literaturementioning

confidence: 99%

Restoring public confidence through the delivery of improved community policing in Rackhamshire

O’Reilly

Agnew-Pauley

Lundrigan

2022

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Purpose Neighbourhood policing is central to supporting public confidence in England and Wales. However, the delivery of neighbourhood policing models is increasingly fragmented and under pressure from austerity measures and from changes to demand and priorities. This research aims to understand the current state of neighbourhood policing in the county of “Rackhamshire” and its ability to support public confidence. Design/methodology/approach The authors conducted six focus groups, three with officers who were part of Community Policing Teams (CPTs) and three with members of the community who were actively engaged with community policing and local concerns. These were supplemented by two interviews with senior officers (35 participants in total). Findings Austerity-driven changes to policing in Rackhamshire have damaged the capacities of CPTs and residents have begun to lose confidence in the ability of the police to respond to their fears. The authors argue that reforms intended to make policing more efficient and effective appear to have the opposite effect on community policing, by preventing it from working in a way that can support public confidence and that this could have longer-term consequences. Originality/value The effects of austerity on the mechanisms by which neighbourhood policing supports confidence have been relatively neglected. By exploring the state of these mechanisms in one English constabulary, this research has exposed serious weaknesses in the way that community policing is able to support public confidence and suggests practical operational responses. In light of these findings, this study argues for the urgent reinstatement of earlier models of neighbourhood policing.

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“…Two decades of problem‐solving experience show that police agencies need strong leadership, flexible organizational structures, sophisticated technical skills, engaged partners, the capacity to overcome risk aversion and systems in place to disseminate problem‐solving knowledge (Bullock and Tilley, 2009) to successfully implement POP. Of all these challenges, Goldstein (2003) highlights the importance of strong leadership.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Leadership in problem‐oriented policing

Mazerolle

Darroch²,

White

2013

Policing: An International Journal of Police Strategies &Amp; Management

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If you would like to write for this, or any other Emerald publication, then please use our Emerald for Authors service information about how to choose which publication to write for and submission guidelines are available for all. Please visit www.emeraldinsight.com/authors for more information. About Emerald www.emeraldinsight.comEmerald is a global publisher linking research and practice to the benefit of society. The company manages a portfolio of more than 290 journals and over 2,350 books and book series volumes, as well as providing an extensive range of online products and additional customer resources and services.Emerald is both COUNTER 4 and TRANSFER compliant. The organization is a partner of the Committee on Publication Ethics (COPE) and also works with Portico and the LOCKSS initiative for digital archive preservation. AbstractPurpose -The purpose of this paper is to explore the role of leadership in problem-oriented policing (POP). Design/methodology/approach -This paper uses interrupted time series models to isolate the impact on crime trends of a transformational leader's efforts to spearhead the implementation of a program of POP, called the problem solving model (PSM), in a southern state in Australia.Findings -This paper finds that the PSM led directly to an impact on overall crime, with a significant reduction in crimes per 100,000 persons per year after the introduction of the PSM. The majority of the overall crime drop attributable to implementation of POP was driven by reductions in property crime. It was noted that the leadership influence of the PSM was not effective in reducing all types of crime. Crimes against the person where not affected by the introduction of the PSM and public nuisance crimes largely followed the forecasted, upward trajectory. Practical implications -The driver behind the PSM was Commissioner Hyde and the success of the PSM is largely attributable to his strong commitment to transformational leadership and a top-down approach to implementation. These qualities encapsulate the original ideas behind POP that Goldstein (1979Goldstein ( , 2003, back in 1979, highlighted as critical for the success of future POP programs. Social implications -Reducing crime is an important part of creating safe communities and improving quality of life for all citizens. This research shows that successful implementation of the PSM within South Australia under the strong leadership of Commissioner Hyde was a major factor in reducing property crime and overall crime rates. Originality/value -This paper is valuable because it demonstrates the link between strong leadership in policing, the commissioner's vision for POP and how his vision then translated into widespread adoption of POP. The study empirically shows that the statewide adoption of POP led to significant reductions in crime, particularly property crime.

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Born to Fail? Policing, Reform and Neighbourhood Problem Solving

Cited by 3 publications

References 10 publications

Institutionalizing problem‐oriented policing: An evaluation of the EMUN reform in Israel

Institutionalizing problem‐oriented policing: An evaluation of the EMUN reform in Israel

Restoring public confidence through the delivery of improved community policing in Rackhamshire

Leadership in problem‐oriented policing

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