Brazil’s Unified Health System (SUS) and Its Treatment for Transgender People

Abstract

This study analyzed the use pattern of imipenem following the restructuring of the antimicrobial audit system at a University Hospital. It was an observational study before and after the restructuring of the antimicrobial audit system in a University Hospital from May to August and then from September to December 2006. The criteria of the rational use of imipenem were obtained from a non-systematic revision of the literature. The collection of data on the general characteristics and clinical state of the patient, the infection and the established therapy was carried out in a previously tested instrument. Data was recorded, revised and analyzed in a database built with the software SPSS® for Windows® PC, version 10.0. The statistical analysis had a descriptive character: frequencies, mean, median and standard deviation. No differences were encountered in relation to the appropriate indication, consumption and clinical outcomes of patients. However, there was a reduction of 4 to 1 (75.0%) in the number of associations with spectrum superposition and an increase of 4 to 8 (50.0%) in the change of therapy. The restructuring of the antimicrobial audit system in the studied hospital did not reflect significantly the increase of the appropriate indication of imipenem. It contributed, however, to the reduction of the inappropriate associations of this antibiotic and to changes of therapy, without, however, compromising the quality of services rendered to patients.

When Invisibility Is Impossible

“…For this reason, travestis and transsexuals cannot be homogeneously conceptualized, and the particular experiences they go through produce differences within each category. As Perucchi, Brandão, Berto, Rodrigues, and DaSilva (2014) state, there is an intimate relation between transgender subjectivity and the construction of their bodies.…”

“…Thus, transvestisms are not only a matter of gender in the Brazilian context. Furthermore, both transsexual and travesti individuals in Brazil wish to undergo hormone replacement, but travestis tend to use most often the corporal insertion of silicone, in order to change the form of their body (Perucchi et al, 2014). The main difference between travesti and transsexual individuals in Brazil is that although transsexuals undergo sex reassignment surgery, travestis prefer to keep their penis and do not undergo a reassignment surgery.…”

“…In the case of those coming from poor backgrounds with poor education, they were led to prostitution to survive (Cortez et al, 2011;Perucchi et al, 2014;Thanem, 2011). When asked about formal jobs, the respondents said it is virtually impossible for a travesti to be hired by a company as an employee.…”

“…However, that is no easy task. Travestis who carry on working activities as prostitutes must face violence, STDs (Sexually Transmitted Diseases), and social insecurity in their daily routines (Antunes & Mercadante, 2013;Cortez et al, 2011;Perucchi et al, 2014). Natasha states, "Everybody who lives the transgender life, exposed on a corner to make a living, whatever happens to one them can happen to you as well."…”

“…People were shocked; it was a surprise for them." Again, the importance of the social name for transgender people is declared by the transsexual Eve (Perucchi et al, 2014). Eve makes clear that "I was afraid to transform myself during college and be expelled or become unable to graduate."…”