Brazilian phytopharmaceuticals – evaluation against hospital bacteria

Machado, Thelma de Barros; Leal, Ivana Corrêa Ramos; Kuster, Ricardo Machado; Amaral, Ana Cláudia F.; Kokis, V. M.; Silva, Marlei G. de; Santos, Kátia Regina Netto dos

doi:10.1002/ptr.1696

Cited by 38 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 33 publications

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“…In our assays, it has presented a high antileishmanial activity with an EC 50 of 89.17 µg/ml (Table II), and it has a fungicidal activity with an EC 50 of 119.7 µg/ ml (Table III). To date, only antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus and Pseudomonas aeruginosa by A. cymbifera has been described in the literature (De Barros Machado et al 2005). Our results expand the scientific knowledge by demonstrating promising activity against human pathogenic fungi and a protozoan parasite.…”

Section: Plectranthus Grandissupporting

confidence: 71%

Brazilian flora extracts as source of novel antileishmanial and antifungal compounds

Tempone

Sartorelli

Teixeira

et al. 2008

Mem. Inst. Oswaldo Cruz

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Natural products have long been providing important drug leads for infectious diseases. Leishmaniasis is a protozoan parasitic disease found mainly in developing countries, and it has toxic therapies with few alternatives. Fungal infections have been the main cause of death in immunocompromised patients and new drugs are urgently needed. In this work, a total of 16 plant species belonging to 11 families, selected on an ethnopharmacological basis, were analyzed in vitro against Leishmania (L.) chagasi, Leishmania (L.) amazonensis, Candida krusei, and C. parapsilosis. Of these plant species, seven showed antifungal activity against C. krusei, five showed antileishmanial activity against L. chagasi and four against L. amazonensis, among them species of genus Plectranthus. Our findings confirm the traditional therapeutic use of these plants in the treatment of infectious and inflammatory disorders and also offer insights into the isolation of active and novel drug prototypes, especially those used against neglected diseases as Leishmaniasis.

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Section: Plectranthus Grandissupporting

confidence: 71%

Brazilian flora extracts as source of novel antileishmanial and antifungal compounds

Tempone

Sartorelli

Teixeira

et al. 2008

Mem. Inst. Oswaldo Cruz

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“…It showed that the plant could be used as an alternative to orthodox antibiotics in the treatment of infectious diseases caused by these microorganisms. Since investigating the pharmacological activity of plant extract could afford the designing of less expensive therapeutic agents to be used in economically less privileged regions [59], the crude extract could offer a considerable potential opportunity for the development of new agents effective against infections currently difficult to treat [60]. With these expectations, many pharmaceutical companies have renewed their interest in investigating higher plants as sources for new lead structures and the development of standardized antimicrobial agents of proven efficacy, safety, and quality.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

In VitroAntibacterial and Time-Kill Evaluation of theErythrina caffraThunb. Extract against Bacteria Associated with Diarrhoea

Olajuyigbe

Afolayan

2012

The Scientific World Journal

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The antibacterial activities of stem bark ethanolic extract of Erythrina caffra Thunb. against bacteria in diarrhoea was determined in vitro by the agar diffusion and dilution, macrobroth dilution, and time-kill assay methods. The result showed that the extract produced inhibition zones ranging between 15 ± 1.0 mm and 23 ± 1.0 mm, and the bacteria were susceptible at concentrations ranging between ≤100 and ≤1000 μg/mL. While the MICs of the extract ranged between 39.1 and 625 μg/mL, and the MBCs ranged between 78.1 and 625 μg/mL, the MICs of Micrococcus luteus, Proteus vulgaris CSIR 0030, Enterococcus faecalis KZN, and Staphylococcus aureus OK3 were less than 100 μg/mL, and the mechanisms of antibiosis indicated that the crude ethanolic extract was highly bactericidal against the entire test bacteria isolates. In the time-kill assay, the average log reduction of the viable cell count ranged between 0.916log 10 and 1.851log 10 cfu/mL on incubating the bacteria for 4 h at the MICs, while the reduction ranged between 0.183log 10 and 1.105log 10 cfu/mL after 8 h of incubation. Incubating the bacteria for 4 h at 2 × MICs resulted in the reduction of the viable cell count to between −0.264log 10 and 0.961log 10 cfu/mL, while the average log reduction ranged between −3.968log 10 and −0.425log 10 cfu/mL after 8 h of incubation with Micrococcus luteus, Proteus vulgaris CSIR 0030, and Staphylococcus aureus OK3 being the most highly affected bacteria. The result showed that the extract exhibited broader-spectrum antibacterial activity and justifies the use of Erythrina caffra in the folkloric medicine for treating gastrointestinal infections in South Africa.

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“…These data indicated that the use of solvents with different polarities allowed the extraction of distinct constituents in different concentrations. Some compounds have been isolated from Aristolochia cymbifera extracts, including 2-oxopopulifolic acid (Machado et al 2005), copalic acid, fargesin, hinokinin, kusunokinin, sesamin, epieudesmin, benznidazole (Sartorelli et al 2010), (5R,8R,9S,10R)-ent-3-cleroden-15-oic acid (Leitão et al 1992), (5R,8R,9S,10S)-ent-labd-14-en-8ß-ol (Lopes et al 1988), and (−)-kolavelool (Lopes et al 1987). …”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The hexane fraction of the extract proved to be active against Pseudomonas aeruginosa strains Machado et al . 2005). …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Combination of extracts from Aristolochia cymbifera with streptomycin as a potential antibacterial drug

et al. 2013

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The appearance of new antibiotic-resistant bacteria is a societal problem that requires the development of new alternative treatments. Therefore, this work evaluated the antibacterial activity of ethanolic (EHI), dichloromethanic (EDI) and hexanic (EHE) extracts from Aristolochia cymbifera stems and the combination of these extracts with an antimicrobial drug to develop a new antibacterial therapy. The EDI, EHE and EHI extracts were obtained by maceration using three different solvents. The minimal inhibitory concentrations (MIC) of these extracts were determined using the microdilution test to determine the antibacterial potential of these extracts and their combination with streptomycin against Staphylococcus aureus, Bacillus cereus, Klebsiella pneumoniae and Shigella flexneri. The extract dose leading to the cytotoxicity of 50% of the cells (CC50) was evaluated using mammalian cells MA104 and the 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) colorimetric assay. The extracts had a MIC under 500 mg/L and a CC50 lower than 50 mg/L. The antibiotic/extract proportion influenced the antibacterial activity of the mixtures, and the proportion that optimized the antibacterial activity of streptomycin was a mixture that contained 75 percent of extract. This composition included less than 6.5 mg/L of extract and 2.5 mg/L of streptomycin and has potential as a new antibacterial therapy.Electronic supplementary materialThe online version of this article (doi:10.1186/2193-1801-2-430) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.

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Brazilian phytopharmaceuticals – evaluation against hospital bacteria

Cited by 38 publications

References 33 publications

Brazilian flora extracts as source of novel antileishmanial and antifungal compounds

Brazilian flora extracts as source of novel antileishmanial and antifungal compounds

In VitroAntibacterial and Time-Kill Evaluation of theErythrina caffraThunb. Extract against Bacteria Associated with Diarrhoea

Combination of extracts from Aristolochia cymbifera with streptomycin as a potential antibacterial drug

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