Brevibacterium celere sp. nov., isolated from degraded thallus of a brown alga

Abstract

Two whitish yellow, Gram-positive, non-motile, aerobic bacteria were isolated from enrichment culture during degradation of the thallus of the brown alga Fucus evanescens. The bacteria studied were chemo-organotrophic, mesophilic and grew well on nutrient media containing up to 15 % (w/v) NaCl. The DNA G+C content was 61 mol%. The two isolates exhibited a conspecific DNA-DNA relatedness value of 98 %, indicating that they belong to the same species. A comparative analysis of 16S rRNA gene sequences revealed that strain KMM 3637 T formed a distinct phyletic lineage in the genus Brevibacterium (family Brevibacteriaceae, class Actinobacteria) and showed the highest sequence similarity (about 97 %) to Brevibacterium casei. DNA-DNA hybridization experiments demonstrated 45 % binding with the DNA of B. casei DSM 20657 T . Physiological and chemotaxonomic characteristics (meso-diaminopimelic acid in the peptidoglycan, major cellular fatty acids 15 : 0ai and 17 : 0ai) of the bacteria studied were consistent with the genomic and phylogenetic data. On the basis of the results of this study, a novel species, Brevibacterium celere sp. nov., is proposed. The type strain is KMM 3637 T (=DSM 15453 T =ATCC BAA-809 T ).The genus Brevibacterium was proposed by Breed (1953) for some Gram-positive, non-spore-forming, non-branching rods formerly classified as members of the genus 'Bacterium'. A number of species with diverse morphological, physiological and biochemical properties were subsequently included in the genus (Breed, 1957). The description of the genus was later emended and restricted only to the species that correspond to the type species Brevibacterium linens in terms of morphological and chemotaxonomic characteristics (Collins et al., 1980). Along with B. linens, the following Brevibacterium (sensu stricto) species are currently recognized within the genus:

Brevibacterium marinum sp. nov., isolated from seawater

“…Phenotypic features distinguishing strain HFW-26 T from its phylogenetic neighbours are given in Table 1. T can also be readily differentiated from the other recognized species of the genus Brevibacterium with reference to some physiological and biochemical properties (Wauters et al, 2003;Ivanova et al, 2004;Lee, 2006).…”

“…At the time of writing, the following 15 species with validly published names, in addition to the type species Brevibacterium linens, remain within the genus: Brevibacterium antiquum, B. aurantiacum, B. permense (Gavrish et al, 2004), B. avium (Pascual & Collins, 1999), B. casei, B. epidermidis (Collins et al, 1983), B. cerele (Ivanova et al, 2004), B. iodinum (Collins et al, 1980), B. luteolum (Wauters et al, 2003;Euzéby & Tindall, 2004), B. mcbrellneri (McBride et al, 1993), B. otitidis (Pascual et al, 1996), B. paucivorans (Wauters et al, 2001), B. picturae (Heyrman et al, 2004), B. sanguinis (Wauters et al, 2004) and B. samyangense (Lee, 2006). While most of the species were isolated from dairy products, clinical specimens, poultry and soils, a few were recovered from marine environments, such as algae and beach sediment, as reported previously (Ivanova et al, 2004;Lee, 2006).…”

Brevibacterium oceani sp. nov., isolated from deep-sea sediment of the Chagos Trench, Indian Ocean

“…Species of the genus Brevibacterium exhibit a rod-coccus cell cycle, are aerobic, possess meso-diaminopimelic acid in the peptidoglycan and have MK-8(H 2 ) as the major respiratory menaquinone, diphosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylglycerol, dimannosidediacylglycerol and phosphatidylinositol as major polar lipids and anteiso-and iso-branched fatty acids as major cellular fatty acids (Collins et al, 1980;Jones & Keddie, 1986;Heyrman et al, 2004). Brevibacterium species have been isolated from diverse habitats such as milk products, clinical specimens, soil, sediment, brown algae, paintings and foot lesions of fowl (Wauters et al, 2004;Lee, 2006;Gavrish et al, 2004;Ivanova et al, 2004;Heyrman et al, 2004;Pascual & Collins, 1999). Here we describe two Brevibacterium-like strains, BBH5 and BBH7 T , isolated from a sediment sample collected at a water depth of 5904 m (from a 50-70-cm section of a deep sediment core of 4.6 m, approximately 50 000 years old) from the Chagos Trench in the Indian Ocean (11 u 069 S 72 u 319 E) (Raghukumar et al, 2004).…”

Brevibacterium samyangense sp. nov., an actinomycete isolated from a beach sediment

“…The genus contained, at the time of writing, 15 recognized species, mainly recovered from dairy products, clinical specimens, poultry and terrestrial environments, although a few, including Brevibacterium celere (Ivanova et al, 2004) and Brevibacterium stationis (Jones & Keddie, 1986), were recovered from samples collected in marine environments. In the 16S rRNA gene sequence studies performed by Heyrman et al (2004), B. stationis was shown to be related to members of the genus Corynebacterium.…”