Brevibacterium oceani sp. nov., isolated from deep-sea sediment of the Chagos Trench, Indian Ocean

Abstract

Two bacterial strains, designated BBH5 and BBH7 T , were isolated from a deep-sea sediment sample collected from the Chagos Trench of the Indian Ocean (116 069 S 726 319 E). Based on their 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity (99.9 %), level of DNA-DNA relatedness (93 %) and a number of similar phenotypic characteristics, the two strains are identified as representing the same species. Their phylogenetically nearest neighbours, based on 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity values (97.9-98.4 %), were identified as Brevibacterium iodinum, Brevibacterium epidermidis, Brevibacterium linens and Brevibacterium permense. However, strains BBH5 and BBH7T could be distinguished from the above four species by a number of phenotypic characteristics, and levels of DNA-DNA relatedness between the two new isolates and these Brevibacterium species were 35-42 %. Therefore, strains BBH5 and BBH7 T are considered to represent a novel species of the genus Brevibacterium, for which the name Brevibacterium oceani sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is BBH7 T (5LMG 23457 T 5IAM 15353 T ).The genus Brevibacterium was first described by Breed (1953) with Brevibacterium linens as type species; the description was emended by Collins et al. (1980). Species of the genus Brevibacterium exhibit a rod-coccus cell cycle, are aerobic, possess meso-diaminopimelic acid in the peptidoglycan and have MK-8(H 2 ) as the major respiratory menaquinone, diphosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylglycerol, dimannosidediacylglycerol and phosphatidylinositol as major polar lipids and anteiso-and iso-branched fatty acids as major cellular fatty acids (Collins et al., 1980;Jones & Keddie, 1986;Heyrman et al., 2004). Brevibacterium species have been isolated from diverse habitats such as milk products, clinical specimens, soil, sediment, brown algae, paintings and foot lesions of fowl (Wauters et al., 2004;Lee, 2006;Gavrish et al., 2004;Ivanova et al., 2004;Heyrman et al., 2004;Pascual & Collins, 1999). Here we describe two Brevibacterium-like strains, BBH5 and BBH7 T , isolated from a sediment sample collected at a water depth of 5904 m (from a 50-70-cm section of a deep sediment core of 4.6 m, approximately 50 000 years old) from the Chagos Trench in the Indian Ocean (11 u 069 S 72 u 319 E) (Raghukumar et al., 2004).Deep-sea sediment samples were collected as described by Raghukumar et al. (2004). Approximately 1.0 g of the sediment was suspended in 10 ml 2 % NaCl and vortexed for 1 min and the suspension was then allowed to settle for 2 min. Next, 100 ml of the top aqueous layer was spread on a plate of yeast extract/peptone (YP) agar (per litre distilled water: 5 g yeast extract, 10 g peptone, 30 g NaCl, 15 g agar) and incubated at 15 u C for 15 days. The number of colonyforming units per gram of sediment ranged from 4.4610 3 to 7.6610 3 . A total of 21 pale-orange-coloured colonies were purified and subjected to total protein analysis via SDS-PAGE (Laemmli, 1970). All 21 isolates showed similar protein banding patterns and were assumed to be representatives of a sin...

Arthrobacter antarcticus sp. nov., isolated from an Antarctic marine sediment

“…In the pairwise 16S rRNA gene sequence alignment performed using the ExPASy bioinformatics tool (http:// www.expasy.org), strain SPC26 T showed 98.8 % similarity to A. gangotriensis Lz1y T , 98.6 % to A. sulfureus DSM 20167 T , 97.9 % to A. psychrophenolicus DSM 15454 T , 97.5 % to A. kerguelensis KGN15 T and less than 97.5 % similarity to strains of other species of Arthrobacter with validly published names. To determine the phylogenetic affiliation of strain SPC26 T , the 16S rRNA gene sequence of the strain was aligned with sequences from the type strains of other Arthrobacter species using CLUSTAL W (Thompson et al, 1994) and phylogenetic analysis was carried out as described by Bhadra et al (2008). In neighbour-joining phylogenetic trees constructed according to Kimura's twoparameter model (Kimura, 1980) using MEGA version 3.1 (Kumar et al, 2004), strain SPC26 T formed a robust clade with A. gangotriensis Lz1y T with bootstrap support of 97 % in a tree of the most closely related strains (Fig.…”

Thiomonas bhubaneswarensis sp. nov., an obligately mixotrophic, moderately thermophilic, thiosulfate-oxidizing bacterium

“…A DNA-DNA reassociation study was carried out with strain S10 T and closely related strains of the genus Thiomonas following the method of Ezaki et al (1989) as modified by Bhadra et al (2008) using a 32 P-labelled probe. Using the S10 T labelled probe the DNA-DNA reassociation value was 46 % with Thiomonas perometabolis ATCC 23370 T and 39 % with Thiomonas intermedia ATCC 15466 T .…”

Brevibacterium sandarakinum sp. nov., isolated from a wall of an indoor environment

“…2). The presence of the predominant lipids diphosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylglycerol and an unidentified glycolipid was also reported for B. picturae (Heyrman et al, 2004), and B. album, B. marinum and B. oceani have also been shown to contain the major lipids diphosphatidylglycerol and phosphatidylglycerol (Bhadra et al, 2008;Lee, 2008;Tang et al, 2008). Phosphatidylinositol, shown to be present in some Brevibacterium species, could not be detected, but the presence of this lipid has been shown to vary with cultural conditions (Jones & Keddie, 1986).…”

“…Collins et al (1980) emended the genus description and, at present, the genus comprises more than 20 species listed or described by Collins et al (1983), McBride et al (1993), Pascual et al (1996), Pascual & Collins (1999), Gavrish et al (2004), Ivanova et al (2004), Heyrman et al (2004), Wauters et al (2001Wauters et al ( , 2003Wauters et al ( , 2004, Lee (2006), Bhadra et al (2008), Tang et al (2008) and Mages et al (2008).…”