Brief Report: Cognitive Control of Social and Nonsocial Visual Attention in Autism

DiCriscio, Antoinette Sabatino; Miller, Stephanie; Hanna, Eleanor K.; Kovac, Megan; Turner‐Brown, Lauren; Sasson, Noah J.; Sapyta, Jeffrey; Troiani, Vanessa; Dichter, Gabriel S.

doi:10.1007/s10803-016-2804-7

Cited by 19 publications

(24 citation statements)

References 39 publications

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“…faces) (Geurts et al, 2014). Children with ASD did not demonstrate differences in cognitive control to happy versus calm social stimuli and the lack of a difference is in agreement with previous work in children (DiCriscio et al, 2016;Geurts et al, 2009a;Kuiper et al, 2016;Yerys et al, 2013) and adults with ASD (Duerden et al, 2013;Shafritz et al, 2015). Notably, the present study used child emotional faces, whereas previous studies used adult emotional faces.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

Rigidity coincides with reduced cognitive control to affective cues in children with autism.

Bos¹,

Silverman²,

Ajodan³

et al. 2019

Journal of Abnormal Psychology

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The present study tested whether salient affective cues would negatively influence cognitive control in children with and without autism spectrum disorder (ASD). 100 children aged 6-12 years who were either typically developing or had ASD performed a novel go/nogo task to cues of their interest versus cues of non-interest. Linear Mixed-Effects models for hit rate, false alarms and the sensitivity index d-prime were used to test for group differences. Caregivers completed the Repetitive Behavior Scale-Revised (RBS-R) to test associations between repetitive behaviors and task performance. Children with ASD had reduced cognitive control towards their interests compared to typically developing children. Further, children with ASD showed reduced cognitive control to interests compared to non-interests, a pattern not observed in typically developing children. Decreased cognitive control towards interests was associated with higher insistence on sameness behavior in ASD, but there was no association between sameness behavior and cognitive control for non-interests. Together, children with ASD demonstrated decreased cognitive flexibility in the context of increased affective salience related to interests. These results provide a mechanism for how salient affective cues, such as interests, interfere with daily functioning and social communication in ASD. Further, the findings have broader clinical implications for understanding how affective cues can drive interactions between restricted patterns of behavior and cognitive control.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

Rigidity coincides with reduced cognitive control to affective cues in children with autism.

Bos¹,

Silverman²,

Ajodan³

et al. 2019

Journal of Abnormal Psychology

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Furthermore, once the social stimulus has been fixated, the ASD group then shows intact social engagement (fixation duration), which is equivalent to counterpart TD controls [86,87,88,89,90,91,92]. Dicriscio et al, [93] adopted the anti-saccade paradigm [94], where the task is to look to the opposite direction of a peripherally presented target, to examine attentional control in autism for social (happy faces) and non-social stimuli (e.g., cars, shoes). This study found no differences in saccadic inhibition for social stimuli, as indicated by similar error rates (eye movements directed towards a social stimulus instead of away from it) in both groups, providing further evidence that social information can capture initial attention in ASD.…”

Section: Free Viewing Paradigms For Faces and Social Scenesmentioning

confidence: 99%

What Can Eye Movements Tell Us about Subtle Cognitive Processing Differences in Autism?

Howard

Zhang

Benson

2019

Vision

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Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is neurodevelopmental condition principally characterised by impairments in social interaction and communication, and repetitive behaviours and interests. This article reviews the eye movement studies designed to investigate the underlying sampling or processing differences that might account for the principal characteristics of autism. Following a brief summary of a previous review chapter by one of the authors of the current paper, a detailed review of eye movement studies investigating various aspects of processing in autism over the last decade will be presented. The literature will be organised into sections covering different cognitive components, including language and social communication and interaction studies. The aim of the review will be to show how eye movement studies provide a very useful on-line processing measure, allowing us to account for observed differences in behavioural data (accuracy and reaction times). The subtle processing differences that eye movement data reveal in both language and social processing have the potential to impact in the everyday communication domain in autism.

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“…Social stimuli have included pictures of faces 8,12,13 , videos of faces 14 , pictures of social interaction 15 , and videos of children dancing or doing yoga 5,6 . In studies utilizing non-social stimuli, the stimuli have included pictures depicting restricted or circumscribed interests 11,16,17 , household objects 14 , toys 13 , letters 18 , inverted and reversed animations 19 and moving geometric images 5,6 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Children with Autism show Atypical Preference for Non-social Stimuli

Gale

Eikeseth

Klintwall

2019

Sci Rep

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The present investigation describes three studies testing the hypothesis that children with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) show an atypical preference for non-social stimuli. Preference for non-social and social stimuli was assessed using applications on a portable tablet computer. Twenty-eight children with ASD were matched on developmental age with the chronological age of 41 typically developing (TD) children. The non-social stimuli consisted of six different films of abstract moving geometric patterns. Social stimuli were six different films of the face of young adults (Study 1 and 3) or six films of different dogs’ faces (Study 2). When given a choice between the non-social and social stimuli, children with ASD preferred the non-social stimuli. When the human faces were replaced with dogs’ faces the participants with ASD continued to prefer the non-social stimuli. A high reinforcement value of non-social stimuli was also demonstrated when the non-social stimuli were presented alone, suggesting the preference for the non-social stimuli was not simply an avoidance of social stimuli. Whenever an infant prefers non-social stimuli over social stimuli, non-typical development in social communication and social interests may result, together with the development of high levels and frequently occurring stereotyped and repetitive behavior. These behaviors define Autism.

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Brief Report: Cognitive Control of Social and Nonsocial Visual Attention in Autism

Cited by 19 publications

References 39 publications

Rigidity coincides with reduced cognitive control to affective cues in children with autism.

Rigidity coincides with reduced cognitive control to affective cues in children with autism.

What Can Eye Movements Tell Us about Subtle Cognitive Processing Differences in Autism?

Children with Autism show Atypical Preference for Non-social Stimuli

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