Brucelosis: prevalencia y factores de riesgo asociados en bovinos, bubalinos, caprinos y ovinos de Formosa, Argentina

Abstract

Cipolini, M.F.; Storani, C.A.; Russo, A.M.; Martinez, E.I.: Brucelosis: prevalencia y factores de riesgo asociados en bovinos, bubalinos, caprinos y ovinos de Formosa, Argentina. Rev. vet. 29: 1, 40-44, 2018. La brucelosis es una enfermedad infectocontagiosa que afecta a especies domésticas y salvajes, caracterizada por la producción de trastornos reproductivos y pérdidas en la producción. Es además una zoonosis de importancia mundial. Existen factores de riesgo asociados a la presencia de brucelosis en los animales domésticos, que favorecen el ingreso y la permanencia de la enfermedad en una población. En el presente trabajo se realizó un análisis de la prevalencia serológica de la brucelosis en rodeos bovinos, bubalinos, caprinos y ovinos, así como la correlación entre la presencia de animales serorreactores y determinados factores de riesgo. El trabajo se realizó durante 3 años en establecimientos pecuarios de la Provincia de Formosa. Se compararon encuestas epidemiológicas con la información proveniente de muestreos para análisis serológicos. Se investigó un total de 1686 animales, de los cuales 657 fueron bovinos, 265 bubalinos, 569 caprinos y 195 ovinos. Se analizaron 40 establecimientos pecuarios de los departamentos Formosa, Pilagá, Pirané, Pilcomayo y Patiño. La prevalencia de rodeos positivos fue de 12,5; 50; 40,9 y 0% y de animales positivos de 1,37; 10,94; 7,9 y 0% en bovinos, bubalinos, caprinos y ovinos respectivamente. El análisis de odds ratio arrojó significación estadística para los factores: (a) presencia de síntomas, (b) aislamiento de hembras próximas al parto, (c) cobertura vacunal y (d) tamaño del rodeo. El estadístico chi cuadrado mostró diferencias significativas en la presentación de brucelosis comparando bovinos con bubalinos y caprinos, pero no hubo diferencias cuando se compararon bubalinos y caprinos entre sí. Se concluye que la brucelosis está presente en los rodeos de animales domésticos de la Provincia de Formosa, que existen factores de riesgo asociados al mantenimiento de la enfermedad en las poblaciones y que la aplicación regular de medidas de manejo sanitario reduce la frecuencia de la enfermedad. Rev. vet. 29: 1, 40-44, 2018. Brucellosis is an infectious disease affecting domestic and wild species, characterized by the production of reproductive disorders and production losses. It is also a zoonosis of global importance. There are risk factors associated with the presence of brucellosis in domestic animals, which favor the entry and permanence of the disease in a population. In the present work an analysis of the serological prevalence of brucellosis in bovine, buffalo, goat and sheep herds was performed and the correlation between the presence of positive animals and certain risk factors. The work was carried out during 3 years in livestock establishments of the Province of Formosa. Information from samples for serological analysis and epidemiological surveys was compared. A total of 1686 animals were investigated, of which 657 were cattle, 265 buffalo, 569 goats and 195 ...

Seroprevalence and Risk Factors Related to Bovine Brucellosis in Continental Ecuador

“…Common other factors observed in most herds were the lack of technification, poor veterinary control, the lack of brucellosis diagnosis, and consumption of raw milk by the farmers. All these factors have also been reported in similar studies [ 11 , 21 , 22 , 25 , 54 , 57 , 58 ].…”

“…The findings of the present investigation, as well as those presented by McDermott and Arimi (2002) [ 43 ], showed that brucellosis prevalence decreases when herd size decreases in pastoral production systems. The replacement of animals and the performance of the so-called “quarantine” are important aspects to consider in the dynamics of the disease in a herd and area; small herds generally use their own replacement animals and limit the introduction of new and potentially infected cattle [ 54 ]. Our findings are in line with that statement, as small herds have fewer seropositive animals [ 43 , 52 ].…”

Fluorescent polarization assay, two versions of indirect and competitive enzyme- linked immunoassay for brucellosis diagnosis in vaccinated buffaloes (Bubalus bubalis)

“…and bovines (SAMARTINO, 2002;LUCERO et al, 2008) and recently the presence of biovar 5 of B. abortus has also been described in buffaloes (MARTÍNEZ et al, 2014). MARTINEZ et al (2018) reported 10.94 % of buffaloes serologically positive to brucellosis in the NEA region. In Argentina, the strategy for the control of brucellosis in buffaloes is the same as that regulated for bovines and both species are under a National Plan for the Control and Eradication of brucellosis.…”

Seroprevalencia y factores asociados a la brucelosis bovina en la provincia de Pinar del Río, Cuba

“…Brucellosis is caused by a bacterium of the genus Brucella, which is formed by 11 species differentiated by their antigenic characteristics and their animal host (OIE, 2016). It is a zoonotic infectious disease with worldwide distribution (Beauvais et al, 2016;OIE, 2016), causing reproductive disorders and productive and economic losses (Martínez et al, 2018). The epidemiological situation of the disease varies (Adamu et al, 2016) as it has been eradicated in most industrialized countries (Díaz-Aparicio, 2013); however, the disease is endemic in many developing countries (Márquez et al, 2012;López, 2014;Dorneles et al, 2015).…”

“…Brucellosis in domestic animals is associated with certain risk factors which favour the introduction and presence of the disease in a population (Martínez et al, 2018;Cárdenas et al, 2019). Characteristics such as age, breed, body condition, and sex are highlighted (Makita et al, 2011).…”