Burnout en cuidadores profesionales y calidad de vida en residentes de centros institucionalizados

Abstract

Partiendo de estudios previos en cuidadores profesionales de personas con demencia y otras enfermedades en centros institucionalizados de distintas comunidades autónomas, el objetivo de este estudio ha sido comparar los niveles de burnout que presentan los trabajadores en función del centro, crear un perfil del cuidador con una alta realización profesional y describir la calidad de vida que perciben los residentes de Murcia y Barcelona. Los instrumentos utilizados fueron el Inventario de Burnout de Maslach (MBI), la Encuesta elaborada ad hoc para Cuidadores Profesionales y el Cuestionario Breve de Calidad de Vida (CUBRECAVI) en los residentes. Los resultados reflejan, por un lado, que los niveles de realización profesional pueden ser paradójicamente más altos en situación de catástrofe y, por otro lado, que el 98.2% de los usuarios se encuentra satisfecho con la residencia en la cual se encuentra y el 81.8% con la forma en la que ocupan el tiempo. Las conclusiones que se extrapolan del estudio arrojan luz sobre el panorama actual de los trabajadores y de los residentes y la influencia que un terremoto puede tener sobre ellos.

Sense of coherence and burnout in nursing home workers during the COVID‐19 pandemic in Spain

“…To save lives and minimise transmission of the virus in nursing homes, many professionals have been working while being exposed to a high risk of contracting the disease. All of them have worked under extreme pressure and may have experienced high levels of distress and/or anxiety because, in addition to the great psychological pressure, in some cases, they have had to make difficult decisions, for example, in those cases in which they have had to prioritise which residents infected in the most serious condition went to the hospital or decisions related to the protocols of action, ensuring the maximum safety of the residents, sometimes with insufficient means and resources (Greenberg et al, 2020;Martínez et al, 2014;Solanes, Martín, et al, ;Yang et al, 2020).…”

“…It is a three-dimensional syndrome characterised by emotional exhaustion, depersonalisation and low personal accomplishment (Maslach, 1976;Maslach et al, 1986). The burnout syndrome dimension emotional exhaustion refers to the worker's feeling of not being able to give more of him/herself to others and depletion of their energy or emotional resources; depersonalisation involves the worker's attempt to distance him/herself from the person receiving the service, which corresponds to the development of negative attitudes, feelings and responses, such as cynicism, towards the people with whom she has direct contact, in this case, the users of the nursing home; lastly, low personal accomplishment is characterised by the professional's tendency to feel unhappy with him/herself and dissatisfied with their work results because their professional achievements fall below personal expectations, resulting in a negative self-evaluation (Gil-Monte, 2003;Martínez et al, 2014;Ortega & López, 2004;Solanes, Martín, et al, ).…”

Effects of a practical training programme on burnout among professional caregivers in a care home for older adults with dementia: a pilot study

“…17 Direct care staff, who mainly work with institutionalized dementia patients, are especially vulnerable. 18,19 Maslach and Jackson defined burnout as a syndrome of chronic stress characterized by three elements: (i) emotional exhaustion, which involves the depletion and loss of emotional resources; (ii) depersonalization, which involves the development of negative attitudes, insensitivity, and cynicism towards their care recipients; and (iii) reduced personal accomplishment, which involves the tendency to evaluate oneself negatively, feelings of professional dissatisfaction, and low self-esteem. 20 Low personal accomplishment is common in service professions that are characterized by prolonged and intense care of persons in a situation of need or dependence.…”

Calidad de vida relacionada a la compasión, burnout y sobrecarga del cuidador en enfermeras/os bolivianos

“…La calidad de vida de un trabajador es un constructo multidimensional que depende de condiciones tales como la salud, los ingresos, la red de apoyo social y la actividad física, entre otros factores (Martínez, Méndez, Secanilla, Benavente & Sevilla, 2014). Hoy en día, la calidad de vida de los trabajadores de la salud ha sido tema de discusión debido a los efectos negativos en la salud mental del personal sanitario que se han observado en varios estudios relacionados con el enfrentamiento de pandemias y el riesgo en el que se involucran con estas tareas (Brooks et al, 2020), por lo que determinar los factores que inciden en una mejor calidad de vida resulta de suma relevancia.…”