Bystander Effects and Unintended Consequences: Time to Include the Spleen in Radiation Therapy Planning

Katz, Matthew S.

doi:10.3389/fonc.2020.01171

Cited by 3 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 39 publications

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“…Inhibition of splenic function after radiation for lymphoma is a well-known phenomenon [ 34 , 35 , 36 ]. This effect is used for patients suffering from symptomatic splenomegaly [ 37 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Biophysical Analysis of Acute and Late Toxicity of Radiotherapy in Gastric Marginal Zone Lymphoma—Impact of Radiation Dose and Planning Target Volume

Reinartz

Baehr

Kittel

et al. 2021

Cancers

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Successful studies on radiation therapy for gastric lymphoma led to a decrease in planning target volume (PTV) and radiation dose with low toxicities, maintaining excellent survival rates. It remains unclear as to which effects are to be expected concerning dose burden on organs at risk (OAR) by decrease in PTV vs. dose and whether a direct impact on toxicity might be expected. We evaluated 72 radiation plans, generated prospectively for a cohort of 18 patients who were treated for indolent gastric lymphoma in our department. As a prospective work, four radiation plans with different radiation doses and target volumes (40 Gy-involved field, 40 Gy-involved site, 30 Gy-involved field, 30 Gy-involved site) were generated for each patient. Mean dose burden on adjacent organs was compared between the planning groups. Cohort toxicity data served to estimate parameters for the Lyman–Kutcher–Burman (LKB) model for normal tissue complication probability (NTCP). These were used to anticipate adverse events for OAR. Literature parameters were used to estimate high-grade toxicities of OAR. Decrease of dose and/or PTV led to median dose reductions between 0.13 and 5.2 Gy, with a significant dose reduction on neighboring organs. Estimated model parameters for liver, spleen, and bowel toxicity were feasible to predict cohort toxicities. NTCP for the endpoints elevated liver enzymes, low platelet count, and diarrhea ranged between 15.9 and 22.8%, 27.6 and 32.4%, and 21.8 and 26.4% for the respective four plan variations. Field and dose reduction highly impact dose burden and NTCP for OAR during stomach radiation. Our estimated LKB model parameters offer a good approximation for low-grade toxicities in abdominal organs with modern radiation techniques.

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“…Inhibition of splenic function after radiation for lymphoma is a well-known phenomenon [ 34 , 35 , 36 ]. This effect is used for patients suffering from symptomatic splenomegaly [ 37 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Biophysical Analysis of Acute and Late Toxicity of Radiotherapy in Gastric Marginal Zone Lymphoma—Impact of Radiation Dose and Planning Target Volume

Reinartz

Baehr

Kittel

et al. 2021

Cancers

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“…Irradiation toxicity can lead to spleen damage and decrease in the number of monocytes and macrophages contributing to tumor progression via reducing immune surveillance and pro-inflammatory stimulation ( 120 , 121 ). Irradiation reduces not only spleen cellularity, but also the ability of survived lymphocytes and monocytes/macrophages to respond to mitogens ( 122 ).…”

Section: Effects Of Treatment On Circulating Monocytesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Monocyte programming by cancer therapy

et al. 2022

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Monocytes in peripheral blood circulation are the precursor of essential cells that control tumor progression, that include tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs), dendritic cells (DCs) and myeloid-derive suppressor cells (MDSC). Monocytes-derived cells orchestrate immune reactions in tumor microenvironment that control disease outcome and efficiency of cancer therapy. Four major types of anti-cancer therapy, surgery, radiotherapy, chemotherapy, and most recent immunotherapy, affect tumor-associated macrophage (TAM) polarization and functions. TAMs can also decrease the efficiency of therapy in a tumor-specific way. Monocytes is a major source of TAMs, and are recruited to tumor mass from the blood circulation. However, the mechanisms of monocyte programming in circulation by different therapeutic onsets are only emerging. In our review, we present the state-of-the art about the effects of anti-cancer therapy on monocyte progenitors and their dedifferentiation, on the content of monocyte subpopulations and their transcriptional programs in the circulation, on their recruitment into tumor mass and their potential to give origin for TAMs in tumor-specific microenvironment. We have also summarized very limited available knowledge about genetics that can affect monocyte interaction with cancer therapy, and highlighted the perspectives for the therapeutic targeting of circulating monocytes in cancer patients. We summarized the knowledge about the mediators that affect monocytes fate in all four types of therapies, and we highlighted the perspectives for targeting monocytes to develop combined and minimally invasive anti-cancer therapeutic approaches.

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Response Evaluation Following Radiation Therapy With 18F-FDG PET/CT: Common Variants of Radiation-Induced Changes and Potential Pitfalls

Dejanović

Specht

Czyżewska

et al. 2022

Seminars in Nuclear Medicine

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Bystander Effects and Unintended Consequences: Time to Include the Spleen in Radiation Therapy Planning

Cited by 3 publications

References 39 publications

Biophysical Analysis of Acute and Late Toxicity of Radiotherapy in Gastric Marginal Zone Lymphoma—Impact of Radiation Dose and Planning Target Volume

Biophysical Analysis of Acute and Late Toxicity of Radiotherapy in Gastric Marginal Zone Lymphoma—Impact of Radiation Dose and Planning Target Volume

Monocyte programming by cancer therapy

Response Evaluation Following Radiation Therapy With 18F-FDG PET/CT: Common Variants of Radiation-Induced Changes and Potential Pitfalls

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