C-,N- and S-Doped TiO2 Photocatalysts: A Review

Piątkowska, Aleksandra; Janus, Magdalena; Szymański, Kacper; Mozia, Sylwia

doi:10.3390/catal11010144

Cited by 213 publications

(93 citation statements)

References 343 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…This confirms the presence of dopants which have replaced Ti and O atoms due to the difference in the ionization energy decreases [27,28]. In case of Fe-S doped TNTs, not only S +2 and S +6 replaced Ti but there is a small peak observed at 163.01 eV (figure S1c †) which shows that there is also S -2 replacing O -2 as well [29]. Figure 2h shows the XPS spectrum of Fe 2p, where the binding energies at 710.53 eV, 723.83 eV, and 710.49 eV, 723.50 eV corresponding to Fe 2p3/2 and Fe 2p1/2 can be easily observed in Fe doped and Fe-S doped samples.…”

Section: Morphology and Crystal Structuresupporting

confidence: 57%

Vertically Aligned Binder-Free TiO<sub>2</sub> Nanotube Arrays Doped with Fe, S and Fe-S for Li-ion Batteries

Dasarathan¹,

Ali²,

Jung³

et al. 2021

Preprint

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Vertically aligned Fe, S, and Fe-S doped anatase TiO2 nanotube arrays are prepared by electrochemical anodization process using an organic electrolyte in which lactic acid is added as an additive. In the electrolyte, nanotube layers of greater length (12 μm) and high order with inner diameter of approx. 90 nm and outer diameter of approx. 170 nm are achieved. Doping of Fe, S, and Fe-S via simple wet impregnation method substituted Ti and O sites with Fe and S, which leads to enhance the rate performance at high discharge current densities. Discharge capacities of TiO2 tubes increased from 82 mAh g-1 (bare) to 165 mAh g-1 for Fe-S doped TiO2 at high current densities of 0.3 mAcm-2 after 100 cycles with exceptional capacity retention of 85% after 100 cycles. Owing to the enhancement of thermodynamic and kinetic properties by doping of Fe-S, Li-diffusion increas2ed resulting in remarkable discharge capacities of 143 mAh g-1 and 89 mAh g-1 at a current density of 7.4 mA cm-2 and 19 mA cm-2, respectively.

show abstract

Section: Morphology and Crystal Structuresupporting

confidence: 57%

Vertically Aligned Binder-Free TiO<sub>2</sub> Nanotube Arrays Doped with Fe, S and Fe-S for Li-ion Batteries

Dasarathan¹,

Ali²,

Jung³

et al. 2021

Preprint

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Figure 7 b depicts the high resolution deconvoluted C1s spectra of the CB-TiO 2 . The peaks were located at a BE of 285.68 and 288.86 eV, which represent residual carbon (C-C) with sp 2 hybridization and C atoms substituting Ti in the TiO 2 lattice (C-O), respectively [ 40 ]. An additional peak was observed at a BE of 286.76 eV in Figure 7 c for CNB-TiO 2 , which can be attributed to coke carbon [ 41 ].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Synthesis and Characterization of Carbon and Carbon-Nitrogen Doped Black TiO2 Nanomaterials and Their Application in Sonophotocatalytic Remediation of Treated Agro-Industrial Wastewater

et al. 2021

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The conventional open ponding system employed for palm oil mill agro-effluent (POME) treatment fails to lower the levels of organic pollutants to the mandatory standard discharge limits. In this work, carbon doped black TiO2 (CB-TiO2) and carbon-nitrogen co-doped black TiO2 (CNB-TiO2) were synthesized via glycerol assisted sol-gel techniques and employed for the remediation of treated palm oil mill effluent (TPOME). Both the samples were anatase phase, with a crystallite size of 11.09–22.18 nm, lower bandgap of 2.06–2.63 eV, superior visible light absorption ability, and a high surface area of 239.99–347.26 m2/g. The performance of CNB-TiO2 was higher (51.48%) compared to only (45.72%) CB-TiO2. Thus, the CNB-TiO2 is employed in sonophotocatalytic reactions. Sonophotocatalytic process based on CNB-TiO2, assisted by hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), and operated at an ultrasonication (US) frequency of 30 kHz and 40 W power under visible light irradiation proved to be the most efficient for chemical oxygen demand (COD) removal. More than 90% of COD was removed within 60 min of sonophotocatalytic reaction, producing the effluent with the COD concentration well below the stipulated permissible limit of 50 mg/L. The electrical energy required per order of magnitude was estimated to be only 177.59 kWh/m3, indicating extreme viability of the proposed process for the remediation of TPOME.

show abstract

“…Nowadays, the research is focused on new strategies to improve the photocatalytic activity 46 , 47 . Two main directions can be distinguished: altering the materials crystallinity (rutile/anatase ratio) 48 – 50 and the use of doping with non-metals such as C, N and S, transition metals such as Al, Fe, Cu, V, Ni or noble metals 47 , 51 – 53 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Differential evolution-based optimization of corn stalks black liquor decolorization using active carbon and TiO2/UV

Nechita

Suditu

Puițel

et al. 2021

Sci Rep

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

In this work, the active carbon adsorption and TiO2/UV decolorization of black liquor were studied through experimental analysis (planned using Design of Experiments), modelling and optimization (with Response Surface Method and Differential Evolution). The aim is to highlight the importance of optimization methods for increasing process efficiency. For active carbon adsorption, the considered process parameters were: quantity of active carbon, dilution, and contact time. For TiO2 promoted photochemical decolorization the process parameters were: TiO2 concentration, UV path length and irradiation time. The determined models had an R squared of 93.82% for active carbon adsorption and of 92.82% for TiO2/UV decolorization. The optimization of active carbon resulted in an improvement from 83.08% (corresponding to 50 g/L quantity of active carbon, 30 min contact time and 200 dilution) to 100% (corresponding to multiple combinations). The optimization of TiO2/UV decolorization indicated an increase of efficiency from 36.63% (corresponding to 1 g/L TiO2 concentration, 60 min irradiation time and 5 cm UV path length) to 46.83% (corresponding to 0.4 g/L TiO2 concentration, 59.99 min irradiation time and 2.85 cm UV path length). These results show that the experiments and the subsequent standard RSM optimization can be further improved, leading to better performance.

show abstract

C-,N- and S-Doped TiO2 Photocatalysts: A Review

Cited by 213 publications

References 343 publications

Vertically Aligned Binder-Free TiO<sub>2</sub> Nanotube Arrays Doped with Fe, S and Fe-S for Li-ion Batteries

Vertically Aligned Binder-Free TiO<sub>2</sub> Nanotube Arrays Doped with Fe, S and Fe-S for Li-ion Batteries

Synthesis and Characterization of Carbon and Carbon-Nitrogen Doped Black TiO2 Nanomaterials and Their Application in Sonophotocatalytic Remediation of Treated Agro-Industrial Wastewater

Differential evolution-based optimization of corn stalks black liquor decolorization using active carbon and TiO2/UV

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About