“…Caffeine maintains a higher dopamine concentration especially in those brain areas linked with “attention.” Depending on the neurotransmitter system, caffeine can affect different brain areas with different functions (Meeusen et al, 2013 ). Usually, caffeine has delayed effect about 3–4 h of half-life (Knutti et al, 1981 , 1982 ; Nehlig, 2016 ), caffeine’s behavioral effects and the significant increase in psychomotor performance it causes have been documented in a large body of literature, in addition to improvements in attention- (Temido-Ferreira et al, 2019 ; Alasmari, 2020 ; Franceschini et al, 2020 ; Irwin et al, 2020 ; Jahrami et al, 2020 ), mood-, and vigor-based tasks (Dietz and Dekker, 2017 ; Shabir et al, 2018 ; Alasmari, 2020 ). Moreover, Beaumont et al ( 2005 ) found that the action of caffeine both shortened response times and reduced the number of errors on psychomotor tests, which indicates that caffeine has a global action on information processing and divided attention management (Beaumont et al, 2005 ; Wilhelmus et al, 2017 ).…”