Calcium and phosphate homoeostasis in ruminants and its relationship to the aetiology and prevention of parturient paresis

Care, A. D.; Barlet, J.P.; Abdel-Hafeez, H.M.

doi:10.1007/978-94-011-8067-2_20

Cited by 22 publications

(21 citation statements)

References 55 publications

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“…The result supported the indications by GEORGIEVSKII20) and CARE et al 21). on the first day might be owing to the increased secretion of CT during the operation and the feeding.…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 89%

Effect of Calcitonin and Parathyroid Hormone Deficiency on Calcium and Phosphorus Metabolism in Sheep

Matsui¹,

Yano²,

Kawashima³

1983

Nihon Chikusan Gakkaiho

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The experiment was to study the effects of thyroidectomy (TX) and thyroparathyroidectomy (TPTX) on serum concentrations and urinary excretions of calcium and phosphorus in sheep. There were no obvious changes in serum calcium and phosphorus concentrations after TXed operation. Serum calcium and hydroxyproline concentrations decreased 2nd day after TPTX and recovered 1 week after.Since there was a close relationship between serum calcium concentrations and serum hydroxyproline, it could be considered that a deficiency of parathyroid hormone reduced serum calcium concentrations through the decrease of bone resorption in sheep. The recovery of serum calcium and hydroxyproline concentrations might be dependent on an adaptation against the long term deficiency of parathyroid hormone, that is, the activation of vitamine D3 induced by low serum phosphorus concentrations.Serum phosphorus concentrations continued to decrease after TPTXed surgery.A deficiency of parathyroid hormone might result in the lowering of serum phosphorus concentrations.Urinary calcium excretion in TXed sheep had a trend to be higher than in intact sheep.TPTXed animals excreted more calcium via urine than TXed sheep.Urinary phosphorus excretion were much lower in TXed sheep when compared to intact and TPTXed sheep.These results indicated that a calcitonin deficiency brought about the promotion of urinary calcium excretion and the reduction of urinary phosphorus excretion and a parathyroid hormone deficiency enhanced urinary calcium loss in sheep.Jpn. J. Zootech. Sci., 54 (4): [232][233][234][235][236][237][238] 1983 It is well known that parathyroid hormone (PTH) and calcitonin (CT) play important roles in calcium and phosphorus metabolism in various animals. The decrease of calcium concentration in blood has been shown by thyroparathyroidectomy (TPTX) in rats1), goats2) and sheep3). KALU et al.4) indicated that the lowering of calcium concentration in blood plasma in TPTXed rats was resulted from the decrease of bone resorption and the increase of calcium excretion in urine. While PAYNE and SANSON5)reported that serum calcium and phosphorus concentrations lowered after TPTX though TPTX enhanced to release minerals from the bone and scarcely increased urinary calcium excretion in goats.It has been reported that CT has a hypocalcemic effect in rats6) and pigs7). It was also shown that the deficiency of CT induced by thyroidectomy (TX) increased serum calcium concentration in rats and pigs8). KALU9) suggested that a physiological role of CT was an inhibition of postprandial hypercalcemia which might be induced by the elevation of calcium absorption from the digestive tract. However, NELSON10) Jpn. J. Zootech. Sci., 54 (4): 232-238 232 1983

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“…The result supported the indications by GEORGIEVSKII20) and CARE et al 21). on the first day might be owing to the increased secretion of CT during the operation and the feeding.…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 89%

Effect of Calcitonin and Parathyroid Hormone Deficiency on Calcium and Phosphorus Metabolism in Sheep

Matsui¹,

Yano²,

Kawashima³

1983

Nihon Chikusan Gakkaiho

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“…Using sheep with The-VeUa loops in the jejunum, P absorption was shown to rise when the concentration of P in the solution used to perfuse the loop was increased (Care et al 1980). However, when the intra-luminal concentration of P was raised above 15 mmolll no further increase in absorption was observed, a result which these authors viewed as evidence for the saturation of a carrier mechanism in an absorption process involving facilitated diffusion.…”

mentioning

confidence: 78%

“…In sheep parathyroidectomy has been shown to result in a negative balance for both Ca and P and it has been suggested that the effect on P balance was the result of a reduction in the amount of salivary P reabsorbed (McIntosh & Tomas, 1978). 1,25 (OH),D, has also been suggested as a possible regulator of intestinal P absorption in ruminants (Braithwaite, 1978(Braithwaite, , 1980Care et al 1980) though whether this was a primary effect or secondary to its effects on Ca absorption and deposition in bone is as yet not clear.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Control of mineral absorption in ruminants

Scott¹,

McLean²

1981

Proc. Nutr. Soc.

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Aberdeen AB2 9SBStudies in recent years have suggested that the absorption of many of the major mineral elements from the gut may be under greater regulatory control than has hitherto been suspected. In this paper we consider the evidence for such control in ruminants with particular reference to calcium and phosphorus absorption. Ca absorptionThere is now clear evidence that both sheep and cattle absorb Ca from their gut according to need and that they can alter the efficiency of absorption to meet a change in requirement. For example, Braithwaite & Riazuddin (1971) have shown that young sheep with a high Ca requirement absorb Ca at a higher rate and with greater efficiency than mature animals with a low requirement. An increase in absorption and an increased efficiency of absorption also occurs in mature sheep when their requirement for Ca is increased through pregnancy or lactation (Braithwaite et al. 1969; 1970) or after a period of Ca deficiency (Braithwaite, Studies in cattle have given similar results. Thus the efficiency of absorption of Ca in the small intestine of the dairy cow has been shown to rise in response to a reduction in dietary Ca intake and to the onset of lactation (Ramberg et al. 1970; van't Klooster, 1976). The amount of Ca absorbed has also been shown to be directly related to milk production (van't Klooster, 1976) though in early lactation when the demand for Ca is greatest the increase in absorption falls short of requirement (Symonds et al. 1966; van't Klooster, 1976)' the deficit being met by increased bone resorption (Braithwaite et al. 1969).The mechanism by which Ca absorption is adjusted in response to requirement has also received much attention and Fig.

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“…La Beastall (1978). La Prins, 1971 ;Beaumatin, 1981 (Scott, 1975 Abdel-Hafeez, 1980). Des expériences analogues devront donc être entreprises chez l'animal en croissance.…”

Section: Introductionunclassified

Influence d'une subcarence en phosphore et d'un excès de calcium alimentaire sur la phosphatémie et les teneurs en phosphore et calcium des contenus de rumen du mouton

Durand¹,

Bertier²,

Hannequart³

et al. 1982

Reprod. Nutr. Dévelop.

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Summary. Effect of diets low in phosphorus and high in calcium on plasma inorganic and ruminal phosphorus and calcium concentrations.Four semi-purified diets with different calcium (Ca) and phosphorus (P) contents were given to adult sheep at a level of 1 kg daily plus 100 g of straw. The phosphorus was supplied as dicalcium phosphate, almost insoluble in rumen fluid. In the preliminary period, all the animals (16) were fed the test diet (NCa-NP) containing 8.4 g of Ca and 3.3. g of P.In the experimental period (table 3) two trials were carried out. In trial 1, two groups of 5 sheep each were given for 5 weeks a diet low in P (1 g/kg) and either low (2 g/kg) (diet BCa-BP) or high (10 g/kg) (diet HtCa-BP) in calcium. In trial 2, which lasted for 19 weeks, the HtCa-BP diet was compared to a high Ca (10 g/kg) normal P (3.3 g/kg) diet (diet HtCa-NP) ; two groups of 2 sheep each were fed both these diets every 3 hours, and one group (HtCa-BP) was fed twice daily.The concentration of ultrafilterable inorganic Ca (CaiU) in the rumen contents was related to the Ca level of the diet (tables 4, 5). However, individual variations were high and CaiU concentrations were negatively correlated to rumen pH ( fig. 7).When diets adequate in P were fed, ruminal concentrations of ultrafilterable P (PiU) were rather high (400-490 mg/1), showing the importance of endogenous P supply in the rumen. With an adequate P supply, a high Ca intake had no effect on either plasma or ruminal PiU.When low P diets were fed, there was a steady decrease in plasma Pi from 6 to 3.5 mg P/100 ml and in ruminal PiU from 500 mg/l to values lower than 300 mg/l up to 5-6 experimental weeks. These decreases were greatest with high Ca intake (HtCa-BP diet) ( figs. 2, 3 Introduction.

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Calcium and phosphate homoeostasis in ruminants and its relationship to the aetiology and prevention of parturient paresis

Cited by 22 publications

References 55 publications

Effect of Calcitonin and Parathyroid Hormone Deficiency on Calcium and Phosphorus Metabolism in Sheep

Effect of Calcitonin and Parathyroid Hormone Deficiency on Calcium and Phosphorus Metabolism in Sheep

Control of mineral absorption in ruminants

Influence d'une subcarence en phosphore et d'un excès de calcium alimentaire sur la phosphatémie et les teneurs en phosphore et calcium des contenus de rumen du mouton

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