Callus Formation and Embryogenesis of Endosperm Tissues of Parsley Seed Cultured on Hormone‐Free Medium

Masuda, Kiyoshi; Koda, Yasunori; Okazawa, Yozo

doi:10.1111/j.1399-3054.1977.tb05544.x

Cited by 30 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 11 publications

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“…In rare cases, somatic embryogenic cell clusters are reportedly induced by incubation in MS medium without hormone or stress treatment in culturing parsley seeds and carrot seed coats (pericarps) (Masuda et al 1977;Smith and Krikorian 1988). Not only were a number of somatic embryos produced from the carrot seed coats, but also secondary embryogenesis developed on these seed-coat-derived somatic embryos.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Possible involvement of abscisic acid in the induction of secondary somatic embryogenesis on seed-coat-derived carrot somatic embryos

Ogata

Iizuka

Nakayama

et al. 2005

Planta

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When seed coats (pericarps) were picked from 14-day-old carrot (Daucus carota) seedlings and cultured on agar plates, embryogenic cell clusters were produced very rapidly at a high frequency on the open side edge. Embryo induction progressed without auxin treatment; indeed treatment caused the formation of non-embryogenic callus. The embryogenic tissues (primary embryos) developed normally until the torpedo stage; however, after this a number of secondary somatic embryos were produced in the hypocotyl and root regions. "Tertiary" embryos were formed on some of the secondary embryos, but many developed into normal plantlets. The primary embryos contained significantly higher levels of abscisic acid (ABA) than the hypocotyl-derived normal and seed-coat-derived secondary embryos. Fluridone inhibited the induction of secondary embryogenesis, while exogenously supplied ABA induced not only "tertiary" embryogenesis on the seed-coat-derived secondary embryos, but also secondary embryos on the hypocotyl-derived normal somatic embryos. These results indicate that ABA is one of the important endogenous factors for the induction of secondary embryogenesis on carrot somatic embryos. Higher levels of indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) in primary embryos also suggest the presence of some concerted effect of ABA and IAA on the induction of secondary embryogenesis in primary embryos.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Possible involvement of abscisic acid in the induction of secondary somatic embryogenesis on seed-coat-derived carrot somatic embryos

Ogata

Iizuka

Nakayama

et al. 2005

Planta

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“…Sel-sel diploid menurun dari 100% menjadi 71% dalam waktu 1 bulan dan menjadi 33% dalam waktu 3 bulan pada kultur C. limon (Murashige et al, 1967). Kapasitas regenerasi masih bertahan selama setengah tahun pada kultur endosperma parsley (Masuda et al, 1977), 1 tahun pada kultur endosperma cendana (Lakshmi et al, 1980), 2 tahun pada kultur endosperma Putranjiwa, dan 30 bulan pada kultur endosperma Dendrophthoe dan Taxillus (Johri dan Srivastava, 1973;Johri dan Nag, 1974).…”

Section: Umur Kulturunclassified

“…Kultur endosperma telah berhasil tumbuh dan berdiferensiasi menjadi tunas atau tanaman muda seperti pada parsley (Masuda et al, 1977) (Rangaswamy dan Rao, 1963;Satsangi dan Ram, 1965;Srivastava, 1971;Johri dan Bhojwani, 1977;Lakshmi et al, 1980;Tulecke et al, 1988;Chen et al, 1990) A. squamosa (Nair et al, 1986), pir (Zhao, 1988), loquat (Chen et al, 1988), A. chinensis (Gui et al, 1988), Umumnya tanaman hasil kultur endosperma secara in vitro adalah triploid, seperti pada M. alba (Thomas et al, 2000), C. grandis "Tosa-Buntan", dan A. deliciosa cv Hayward (Goralski et al, 2005). Tetapi tidak semua tanaman yang dihasilkan adalah triploid, yaitu 66% lebih triploid seperti pada A. indica (Chaturvedi et al, 2003), sebagian besar adalah diploid pada parsley (Masuda et al, 1977), 60% dodecaploid (2n = 12x) dan 40% hexaploid (2n = 6x) pada tanaman Diospyros kaki (Tao et al, 2009).…”

Section: Tanaman Hasil Kultur Endosperma Secara In Vitrounclassified

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Kultur In Vitro Endosperma, Protokol yang Efisien untuk Mendapatkan Tanaman Triploid secara Langsung

Sukamto

2016

J. AgroBiogen

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In Vitro Culture of Endosperm: An efficient protocol to propagate triploid plants directly. L. Agus Sukamto. Triploid plants are very vigorous and beneficial since they generally produce seedless fruits, bigger flowers, and produce more volume of wood than the diploid counterparts. The triploid plants can be produced by crossing diploid and tetraploid plants, but this method is cumbersome and takes a long time. In vitro culture of endosperm is an alternative method to produce triploid plants directly. The success of endosperm culture is dependent on many factors, such as maturity of endosperm, presence of the zygotic embryo, culture medium, growth regulators, browning, culture period, an plant species. Generally, a mature endosperm needs an initial association with an embryo to induce cell divisions, while proliferation of an immature endosperms is not dependent on the embryo. Endosperm of most parasitic angiosperms shows direct organogenesis without callus formation. Plants produced from endosperm culture are generally triploid, although some plants possess different ploidy levels. Keywords:In vitro culture, endosperm, propagation of triploid plants, efficient propagation protocol. ABSTRAK Kultur In Vitro Endosperma, Protokol yang Efisien untukMendapatkan Tanaman Triploid secara Langsung. L. Agus Sukamto. Tanaman triploid adalah sangat vigor dan berharga karena menghasilkan buah tanpa biji, bunga yang lebih besar, dan volume kayu yang lebih besar dibandingkan dengan tanaman normal diploid. Tanaman triploid dapat diperoleh dari persilangan tanaman diploid dengan tetraploid, tetapi cara ini tidak praktis dan memerlukan waktu yang lama. Kultur endosperma secara in vitro adalah cara alternatif untuk memperoleh tanaman triploid secara langsung. Keberhasilan kultur endosperma tergantung pada banyak faktor, yaitu umur endosperma, adanya embrio zigot, media kultur, zat pengatur tumbuh, pencoklatan, dan lama dikultur, serta jenis tanamannya. Umumnya, inisiasi endosperma yang tua memerlukan penyertaan embrio untuk menginduksi pembelahan sel, tetapi endosperma yang muda tidak memerlukan embrio untuk inisiasi pembelahan selnya. Kebanyakan endosperma tanaman parasit membentuk suatu organ secara langsung tanpa melalui pembentukan kalus. Hak Cipta © 2010, BB-BiogenTanaman hasil kultur endosperma kebanyakan adalah triploid, walaupun ada beberapa tanaman yang memiliki tingkat ploidi yang lain.Kata kunci: Kultur endosperma, in vitro, tanaman triploid, protokol yang efisien. PENDAHULUANEndosperma adalah jaringan triploid yang terdapat pada biji, hasil dari penyatuan dua inti polar gamet betina dengan satu inti gamet jantan, yang berbeda dengan embrio dalam jumlah kromosomnya. Endosperma merupakan massa sel parenchym yang relatif homogen, tanpa adanya elemen jaringan pembuluh, sel-selnya bervariasi dalam ukuran, pembelahan, pemisahan kromosom, dan poliploidinya. Endosperma terdapat pada individu yang mencakup lebih dari 81% pada tumbuhan berbunga (Johri dan Bhojwani, 1977;Johri et al., 1980; Thomas dan Chaturvedi, 2008).

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“…The few micropropagation works dealing with parsley concern somatic embryogenesis from callus derived from cultured seeds or seedling explants (Vasil & Hildebrand, 1966;Masuda et al 1977;Watin & Bigot, 1989). This type of regeneration from callus, however, likely results in somaclonal variation (De Klerk, 1990).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Micropropagation of parsley through axillary shoot proliferation

Vandemoortele

Billard²,

Boucaud³

et al. 1996

Plant Cell Tiss Organ Cult

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A micropropagation protocol of parsley, Petroselinum crispum (Mill.) Nyman (curled type) has been developed. Surface-sterilized axillary buds cultured on Murashige and Skoog medium supplemented with benzyladenine, kinetin, or thidiazuron developed axillary shoots (rosettes). Kinetin resulted in only a low proliferation rate. The concentrations of thidiazuron or benzyladenine that were optimal for shoot proliferation, resulted in shoots with a low capability to root. During the rooting treatment, these shoots showed wilting signs. Rooting was increased significantly by using a two-week inductive stage with 2.5 #M naphthaleneacetic acid directly followed by acclimatization. Two proliferation media (5/tM benzyladenine and 0.5 #M naphthaleneacetic acid or 5 #M kinetin and 2.5/~M naphthaleneacetic acid) resulted in moderate proliferation but produced shoots that were easyto-root. These media have been tested by repeated axillary proliferation on the same medium. The medium with 5 #M benzyladenine and 0.5 #M naphthaleneacetic acid was optimal.

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Callus Formation and Embryogenesis of Endosperm Tissues of Parsley Seed Cultured on Hormone‐Free Medium

Cited by 30 publications

References 11 publications

Possible involvement of abscisic acid in the induction of secondary somatic embryogenesis on seed-coat-derived carrot somatic embryos

Possible involvement of abscisic acid in the induction of secondary somatic embryogenesis on seed-coat-derived carrot somatic embryos

Kultur In Vitro Endosperma, Protokol yang Efisien untuk Mendapatkan Tanaman Triploid secara Langsung

Micropropagation of parsley through axillary shoot proliferation

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