Calprotectin plasma level is elevated in preeclampsia

Second trimester neutrophil gelatinase‐associated lipocalin as a potential prediagnostic marker of preeclampsia

“…Therefore, it may be argued that after the second trimester, endothelial dysfunction and inflammatory activity, which may already be strongly advanced in women who will subsequently develop PE, can be the major responsible factors for increasing NGAL (being neutrophil‐derived). This would fit with inflammatory and endothelial damage as central in the pathophysiology of PE (11, 12), and this can be present in both early‐ and late‐onset PE (13), although in this study no difference in NGAL concentration was detected in these groups, and endothelial damage may be independent of the onset of the PE syndrome. Serum NGAL could be a marker of PE: for a false positive rate of 5.5%, we noted a high specificity (94.5%), but also a quite high sensitivity (75%) and likelihood ratio for detecting the pathological cases.…”

Systemic transcriptome comparison between early‐ And late‐onset pre‐eclampsia shows distinct pathology and novel biomarkers

“…Our results showed that neutrophil mediated immunity was strongly associated with LOPE (Figure 3C). A pathologic explanation is that maternal inflammatory response causes neutrophil activation, leading to the release of cytokines such as calprotectin into circulation which in turn induces the maternal LOPE symptoms 38 . On the other hand, a large number of biologic processes were differentially enriched in severe and non‐severe LOPE.…”

“…A pathologic explanation is that maternal inflammatory response causes neutrophil activation, leading to the release of cytokines such as calprotectin into circulation which in turn induces the maternal LOPE symptoms. 38 On the other hand, a large number of biologic processes were differentially enriched in severe and non-severe LOPE. For example, the changes of epidermis associated biological processes were prominent in non-severe LOPE, while coagulation, endoplasmic reticulum (ER) and mitochondrial translation and ribosomal RNA (rRNA) metabolism were strongly associated with severe LOPE ( Figure 3C).…”

The Role of Placental Oxidative Stress and Lipid Peroxidation in Preeclampsia

“…Activated leukocytes, both monocytes and granulocytes, generate excess ROS resulting in oxidative stress (54). Compared with matched normotensive pregnant women, women with preeclampsia have higher levels of calprotectin, a protein involved in various physiological inflammatory processes, which is indicative of leukocyte activation (52). Increased TNF-␣ secretion by leukocytes was detected in blood from patients with preeclampsia, providing further evidence of leukocyte activation (55).…”

“…Pregnancy has been characterized as an inflammatory state, and these changes are exacerbated in preeclampsia (11,52,53). Activated leukocytes, both monocytes and granulocytes, generate excess ROS resulting in oxidative stress (54).…”