Can Antioxidative Status Be Involved in Type 1 Diabetes?

Abstract

BackgroundType 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) is an autoimmune disease with beta-cell destruction, resulting in insulin deficiency. It is now clear that environmental factors also play a role in disease development. The prevalence of type 1 diabetes in children and young people in Portugal is 0.16% between 0 and 19 years of age. The main cause of death in T1DM is cardiovascular disease, and early endothelial dysfunction is its pathophysiologycal precursor. Hyperglycemia is associated with increased production of free radicals and increased oxidative stress. The aim of this study was to analyze the antioxidant status in a pediatric portuguese diabetic population.MethodsThe study was conducted to characterize and compare the antioxidant status in children aged 2 - 10 years old, with type 1 diabetes and healthy children. Plasmatic profile of total phenolic content (TPC), ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP), Trolox equivalent antioxidant capacity (TEAC) in children with diabetes and controls, pre-pubescent, and with BMI < 85th centile were evaluated.ResultsFRAP values were significantly lower in diabetic children compared with healthy controls (P < 0.001). There was not any statistical significant difference in the TPC and the TEAC determinations.ConclusionsYoung Portuguese diabetic children have a lower antioxidant status than healthy children.

Serum Antioxidative Enzymes Levels and Oxidative Stress Products in Children and Adolescents with Type I Diabetes Mellitus

“…Free oxygen radicals interact with cellular components such as proteins, lipids and nucleic acids and start lipid peroxidation (15). In an organism, production of free oxygen radicals and antioxidant defence mechanisms are in balance, and as long as this oxidative balance is kept, oxidative stress cannot damage the organism (1,15). Diabetes mellitus is associated with an endogenous inflammatory process and oxidative stress (1,10,13,16,17).…”

“…In an organism, production of free oxygen radicals and antioxidant defence mechanisms are in balance, and as long as this oxidative balance is kept, oxidative stress cannot damage the organism (1,15). Diabetes mellitus is associated with an endogenous inflammatory process and oxidative stress (1,10,13,16,17). The destruction of insulin producing β cells in TIDM patients elevates the plasma sugar level (18).…”

“…Type I diabetes mellitus (TIDM) is the most common metabolic disorder resulting in the destruction of insulin producing pancreatic β-cells by lymphocytic infiltration (1). Genetic predisposition is important in the development of TIDM (2).…”

Antioxidant activities and mechanisms of polysaccharides

“…Under normal circumstances, the production and elimination of free radicals in human body are a dynamic equilibrium state. However, too much free radicals will cause damage to normal cells and tissues of human body, resulting in a variety of diseases, such as common cancer, arteriosclerosis (Lankin & Tikhaze, 2017), diabetes (Cintia Castro-Correia et al, 2017), cataracts (Chakraborthy & Ghorpade, 2010), cardiovascular disease (Zacharski et al, 2018), Alzheimer's disease (Bronzuoli et al, 2017), arthritis (Yamada et al, 2017) and so on. These diseases are considered to be related to free radicals.…”

Relationship between glomerular filtration rate with uric acid and neutrophil to lymphocyte ratioin diabetic patients

“…At the same time, it is suggested as a result of the studies performed that the uric acid is a protective antioxidant against the oxidative stress [2,3].However, while it is expected that the uric acid, which is known to be an anti-oxidant in the diabetic patients, corrects the renal damage, it is said that it increases the renal damage [4][5][6]. It is acknowledged that the oxidative stress develops in diabetes, and this oxidative stress contributes to the formation of both the disease and the complications [7][8][9][10][11]. It is also showed in the studies performed that the inflammation plays a role in the etiopathogenesis of diabetes and its complications [12,13].…”