Candida species isolated from pigeon (Columbia livia) droppings may express virulence factors and resistance to azoles

Pinto, Luciana Magalhães; Neto, Francisco de Assis Bezerra; Medeiros, Mariana Araújo Paulo de; Alves, Diana Luzia Zuza; Chaves, Guilherme Maranhão

doi:10.1016/j.vetmic.2019.05.022

Cited by 13 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 32 publications

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“…In general, several environmental yeast species possess the similar virulence factors as their pathogenic clinical counterparts (Magalhães Pinto et al 2019). Our study reports this notion and highlights the presence of pathogenic yeast in the fecal droppings of free-living pigeons, suggesting the pathogenic potential of these environmental species of yeast.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 68%

“…Wu et al (2012) reported the presence of eight different genera of yeast, such as Cryptococcus, Candida, Diversity, Virulence Factors, and Antifungal Susceptibility Patterns of Pathogenic and Opportunistic Yeast Species in Rock Pigeon (Columba livia) Fecal Droppings in Western Saudi Arabia suggest that there are around 220 000 annual cases of cryptococcal meningitis in HIV patients worldwide. Therefore, cryptococcal meningitis may be the leading cause of death among HIV patients (Cogliati 2013; Hagen et al 2015;Rajasingham et al 2017;Esher et al 2018;Magalhães Pinto et al 2019).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Diversity, Virulence Factors, and Antifungal Susceptibility Patterns of Pathogenic and Opportunistic Yeast Species in Rock Pigeon (Columba livia) Fecal Droppings in Western Saudi Arabia

Abulreesh

Organji

Elbanna

et al. 2019

Polish Journal of Microbiology

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Bird fecal matter is considered a potential source of pathogenic microbes such as yeast species that contaminate the environment. Therefore, it needs to be scrutinized to assess potential environmental health risks. The aim of this study was to investigate the diversity of the yeasts in pigeon fecal droppings, their antifungal susceptibility patterns, and virulence factors. We used culturing techniques to detect the yeasts in pigeon fecal droppings. The isolates were then characterized based on colony morphologies, microscopic examinations, and biochemical reactions. The molecular identification of all yeast isolates was performed by sequencing of the amplified ITS gene. Genes encoding virulence factors CAP1, CAP59, and PLB were also detected. Antifungal susceptibility patterns were examined by the disk diffusion method. A total of 46 yeast-like isolates were recovered, and they belonged to nine different genera, namely, Cryptococcus, Saccharomyces, Rhodotorula, Candida, Meyerozyma, Cyberlindnera, Rhodosporidium, Millerozyma, and Lodderomyces. The prevalence of two genera Cryptococcus and Rhodotorula was high. None of the yeast isolates exhibited any resistance to the antifungal drugs tested; however, all pathogenic Cryptococcus species were positive for virulence determinants like urease activity, growth at 37°C, melanin production, the PLB and CAP genes. This is the first report on the molecular diversity of yeast species, particularly, Cryptococcus species and their virulence attributes in pigeon fecal droppings in Saudi Arabia.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 68%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Diversity, Virulence Factors, and Antifungal Susceptibility Patterns of Pathogenic and Opportunistic Yeast Species in Rock Pigeon (Columba livia) Fecal Droppings in Western Saudi Arabia

Abulreesh

Organji

Elbanna

et al. 2019

Polish Journal of Microbiology

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“…There is also literature data indicating the presence of multidrug-resistant yeasts in pigeons (31). Multiple studies showed the prevalence of yeasts belonging to the genus Cryptococcus, Candida, Rhodotorula, and Trichosporon in pigeon droppings (32)(33)(34)(35)(36). Moreover, many strains were resistant to the azole antifungal drugs (36).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Multiple studies showed the prevalence of yeasts belonging to the genus Cryptococcus, Candida, Rhodotorula, and Trichosporon in pigeon droppings (32)(33)(34)(35)(36). Moreover, many strains were resistant to the azole antifungal drugs (36). However, as it was described in the case of bacterial isolates, there is only limited data on the isolation of multidrug-resistant yeasts from clinical samples of pigeon origin.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pigeons as Carriers of Clinically Relevant Multidrug-Resistant Pathogens—A Clinical Case Report and Literature Review

et al. 2021

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Pigeons are widespread bird species in urban regions (Columba livia forma urbana) and may carry pathogens with zoonotic potential. In recent years, more and more data indicate that these zoonotic pathogens are multidrug resistant. Our results confirmed that global trend. Three different multidrug-resistant pathogens were isolated from an oral cavity of a racing pigeon with lesions typical for pigeon pox virus infection. Staphylococcus aureus was recognized as methicillin resistant, thus resistant to all beta-lactams. Additionally, it was also resistant to many other classes of antibiotics, namely: aminoglycosides, tetracyclines, phenicols, lincosamides, and macrolides. Escherichia coli showed resistance to all antimicrobials tested, and it was classified as intermediate to amikacin. Moreover, Candida albicans resistant to clotrimazole, natamycin, flucytosine, and amphotericin and intermediate to ketoconazole, nystatin, and econazole was also isolated. This raises the question how pigeons acquire such highly resistant strains. Therefore, more data are needed concerning the resistance to antibiotics in strains from domestic and wild pigeons in Poland. Until the problem is fully understood, it will be challenging to implement adequate planning of any control measures and check their effectiveness.

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“…Although fungi could be one of the ethologic agents of deadly infections in humans, very few studies have focused on the colonization of opportunistic and pathogenic fungi in pigeon feces. Disseminations of fungi in pigeon droppings are typically transmitted to animals and humans through aerosol from dispersed dried excreta [ 3 ]. Among the epidemiological data of yeast colonization in pigeon feces, Cryptococcus spp.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Identification of Pathogenic and Opportunistic Yeasts in Pigeon Excreta by MALDI-TOF Mass Spectrometry and Their Prevalence in Chon Buri Province, Thailand

Nualmalang

Thanomsridetchai

Teethaisong

et al. 2023

IJERPH

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Pigeon excreta can cause environmental and public health issues, particularly in urban and public areas. They are reservoirs of several human pathogens including fungi, bacteria, and viruses. Epidemiological data of pathogenic and opportunistic yeasts in pigeon droppings in Chon Buri, one of the most reputable tourist cities of Thailand, are scarce. The present study aimed to identify yeasts in pigeon droppings by MALDI-TOF mass spectrometry, and to study their prevalence in Chon Buri, Thailand. A total of 200 pigeon fecal samples were collected randomly from all 11 districts of Chon Buri. A sum of 393 yeast-like colonies were isolated on Sabourand’s dextrose agar and CHROMagar media. These isolates were further confirmed for their species by MALDI-TOF MS. Twenty-four yeast species belonging to 11 different genera were identified in pigeon fecal samples. Candida spp., predominantly C. krusei (14.32%), were the most prevalent yeast species. Other yeast species, including C. glabrata (12.73%), C. metapsilosis (11.93%), Lodderomyces elongisporus (10.87%), C. tropicalis (7.16%), C. albicans (5.83%), and Cryptococcus neoformans (4.77%) were identified. This study provides valuable epidemiological data and diversity of yeasts in pigeon droppings in Chon Buri, Thailand, and also supports the use of MALDI-TOF MS for yeast identification and epidemiological surveillance.

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Candida species isolated from pigeon (Columbia livia) droppings may express virulence factors and resistance to azoles

Cited by 13 publications

References 32 publications

Diversity, Virulence Factors, and Antifungal Susceptibility Patterns of Pathogenic and Opportunistic Yeast Species in Rock Pigeon (Columba livia) Fecal Droppings in Western Saudi Arabia

Diversity, Virulence Factors, and Antifungal Susceptibility Patterns of Pathogenic and Opportunistic Yeast Species in Rock Pigeon (Columba livia) Fecal Droppings in Western Saudi Arabia

Pigeons as Carriers of Clinically Relevant Multidrug-Resistant Pathogens—A Clinical Case Report and Literature Review

Identification of Pathogenic and Opportunistic Yeasts in Pigeon Excreta by MALDI-TOF Mass Spectrometry and Their Prevalence in Chon Buri Province, Thailand

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