Canine atopic dermatitis: a common, chronic and challenging dermatosis

Vogelnest, Linda

doi:10.1002/vetr.273

Cited by 3 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…Atopic dermatitis-related hypersensitivity is considered to be a Th2-polarized lymphocyte response in which a large number of Th2 genes are upregulated ( 1 , 8 , 18 , 119 ). The immune responses of Th2 lymphocytes may drive in the s.c. extrinsic AD ( 3 ) allergen-specific IgE production ( 120 , 121 ), and encourage the development of MCs and eosinophils ( 122 ). In addition, the transcriptional effect of Th2 type cytokines seems to reduce the production of filaggrin by keratinocytes, and alter the skin barrier function ( 123 ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cannabinoid receptors in the inflammatory cells of canine atopic dermatitis

et al. 2022

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Materials and methods:The immunofluorescent stained cryosections of the skins of dogs with AD having antibodies against CB R, GPR , TRPV , TRPA were semiquantitatively evaluated. The inflammatory cells were identified using antibodies against tryptase (mast cells), ionized calcium binding adaptor molecule (IBA ) (macrophages/DCs), CD (T cells), and calprotectin (neutrophils). The proportions of MCs, macrophages/DCs, T cells, and neutrophils expressing CB R, GPR , TRPV and TRPA were evaluated. Results:The cells of the inflammatory infiltrate showed immunoreactivity (IR) for all or for some of the cannabinoid and cannabinoid-related receptors studied. In particular, MCs and macrophages/DCs showed CB R-, GPR -, TRPA -, and TRPV -IR; T cells showed CB R-, GPR -and TRPA -IR, and neutrophils expressed GPR -IR. Co-localization studies indicated that CB R-IR was co-expressed with TRPV -, TRPA -, and GPR -IR in di erent cellular elements of the dermis of the AD-dogs.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cannabinoid receptors in the inflammatory cells of canine atopic dermatitis

et al. 2022

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“…Diagnosis and effective treatment of allergic dermatitis are challenging due to varied clinical presentations, varied responses to therapy, and presenting clinical signs that can mimic other cutaneous diseases. 109 Diagnostic pathologists may be equally challenged when asked to diagnose or rule out allergic skin disease as the histopathologic findings are not always straightforward, clinical information that is critical to a diagnosis may be lacking, and other disease processes can have histopathologic overlap. The main task of the diagnostician in this scenario is not to diagnose allergic skin disease, but to rule out other conditions that have overlapping clinical phenotypes and to assess the tissue for histopathologic features that support or refute the clinical diagnosis.…”

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confidence: 99%

A review of cutaneous hypersensitivity reactions in dogs: A diagnostician’s guide to allergy

2023

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Allergic dermatoses are common in people and domestic animals. Resultant lesions are routinely biopsied and submitted for histological examination to confirm a diagnosis or rule out diseases with overlapping or atypical clinical features. Diagnostic pathologists and clinicians are often faced with the difficult task of determining whether an allergic reaction pattern is present on both the microscopic and macroscopic levels and correlating histopathologic findings with clinical and historical data to achieve a precise clinical diagnosis. The bulk of the current veterinary literature on allergic dermatoses focuses on atopic dermatitis in dogs, distantly followed by cats, horses, and other animals. The objectives of this review are to demonstrate the key histopathologic and clinical diagnostic features of the various allergy-mediated reaction patterns, and to provide diagnosticians with a practical guide for clinicopathological correlations. Current concepts in the pathophysiology of immediate hypersensitivity reactions, with a focus on atopic dermatitis, are discussed. Points of potential histopathologic overlap between the “classic” allergic reaction pattern and less common inflammatory, predominately eosinophilic, conditions that may mimic this pattern will be discussed with the goal of highlighting the critical need for collaboration between pathologists and clinicians in furthering patient care.

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The Molecular Signature Related to Local Inflammatory and Immune Response in Canine Cutaneous Hypersensitivity Reactions: A Preliminary Study

Capaccia,

Ciancabilla,

Porcellato

et al. 2024

CIMB

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Cutaneous hypersensitivity reactions (CHRs) are complex inflammatory skin disorders that affect humans and dogs. This study examined the inflammatory and immune responses leading to skin damage, inflammation, and irritation by investigating gene expression through quantitative PCR (qPCR) and protein localization through the immunohistochemistry (IHC) of specific receptors and molecules involved in CHRs. Formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded (FFPE) samples from canine CHR skin (n = 20) and healthy dog skin (n = 3) were analyzed for expression levels of eight genes, including members of the pattern recognition receptor (PRR) family, CD209 and CLEC4G, the Regakine-1-like chemokine, and acute phase proteins (APPs), LBP-like and Hp-like genes. Additionally, we examined the local involvement of IL-6, Janus Kinase 1 (JAK1), and the signal transducer activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) in the CHR cases. The study demonstrated statistically significant increases in the expression levels of CD209, Hp-like (p < 0.01), LBP-like, Regakine-1-like, and CLEC4G (p < 0.05) genes in CHRs compared to healthy controls. Conversely, IL-6, JAK1, and STAT3 showed no significant difference between the two groups (p > 0.05). Protein analysis revealed JAK1 and STAT3 expression in CHR hyperplastic epithelial cells, dermal fibroblasts, and endothelial cells of small capillaries, indicating a possible involvement in the JAK/STAT pathway in local inflammatory response regulation. Our findings suggest that the skin plays a role in the development of CHRs.

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Canine atopic dermatitis: a common, chronic and challenging dermatosis

Cited by 3 publications

References 13 publications

Cannabinoid receptors in the inflammatory cells of canine atopic dermatitis

Cannabinoid receptors in the inflammatory cells of canine atopic dermatitis

A review of cutaneous hypersensitivity reactions in dogs: A diagnostician’s guide to allergy

The Molecular Signature Related to Local Inflammatory and Immune Response in Canine Cutaneous Hypersensitivity Reactions: A Preliminary Study

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