Canine filariasis caused by Dirofilaria repens in southeastern Nigeria

Kamalu, Beryl P.

doi:10.1016/0304-4017(91)90113-a

Cited by 22 publications

(28 citation statements)

References 1 publication

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“…It includes infiltration of the areas around the parasite with inflammatory cells, eosinophils and mononuclear cells. Similar changes have been observed by Kamalu (1991). The microfilariae and the host immune response produce the characteristic strong fibrotic granulomatous response resulting in a well-organized nodule.…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 73%

“…The microfilariae and the host immune response produce the characteristic strong fibrotic granulomatous response resulting in a well-organized nodule. The parasite and its microfilariae appear to produce toxic and immunologic actions which are responsible for many pathological lesions (Kamalu 1991).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This parasitosis is widely distributed in south Europe (Vakalis andHimonas 1997, Aranda et al 1998), Asia (Harrus et al 1999) and Africa (Kamalu 1991). Dirofilaria repens is a filarial parasite of canids transmitted by the intermediate hosts and vector, mosquitoes from genera Anopheles, Aedes, Culex Ochlerotatus and Mansonia.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Adult worms locate in nodules, in subcutaneous or intramuscular connective tissue of dogs. Infection has been associated with nodular lesions (Albanese et al 2013), skin swelling and hyperpigmentation, sub-cutaneous granulomas containing adult worms and local pruritus (Tarello 2011), allergic dermatitis (Rocconi et al 2012) or as an incidental hematological finding (Kamalu 1991;Bredal et al 1998;Kamalu 1986). In India, dogs are affected mainly by two filarial parasites: D. immitis (heartworm) in the cardiovascular system and D. (Nochtiella) repens in the subcutaneous connective tissue.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Subcutaneous Dirofilaria repens infestation in non-descript canines

Leishangthem

Choudhury

Singh³

et al. 2014

J Parasit Dis

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Dirofilaria repens is a filarial nematode which cause subcutaneous dirofilariosis. Dogs, foxes and cats are the definitive hosts and principal reservoirs of the parasite. We report cases of D. repens infestation in non-descript canines from Goa, India. The nematodes were enclosed within fibrous capsule or freely present in the tunica vaginalis of the testes, in sub-cutaneous tissue of foreleg and body cavity. The parasite showed well-developed thick multilayered cuticular ridges in the outermost layer, followed by transverse smooth muscles striations.

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 73%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Subcutaneous Dirofilaria repens infestation in non-descript canines

Leishangthem

Choudhury

Singh³

et al. 2014

J Parasit Dis

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“…The adult worms are observed mainly in the subcutaneous tissue of dogs, and produce microfilariae that circulate in the blood stream of those dogs infected. These nematoda have been found in Italy [19], Israel [8], Nigeria [9], Greece [20] and Spain [1], and an increasing number of zoonotic infections due to the filaria have been reported from different parts of the world [12,13]. Only one human case of D. repens infection has ever been detected in Korea.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparison of the Acid-phosphatase Staining and Polymerase Chain Reaction for Detection of Dirofilaria repens Infection in Dogs in Korea

Lee

Song

Liu

et al. 2004

The Journal of Veterinary Medical Science

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ABSTRACT. This study was performed to compare acid-phosphatase staining with polymerase chain reaction (PCR) analysis for the diagnosis of Dirofilaria repens infection. The infection of D. repens was confirmed in Korean reared German shepherd dogs. Knott's tests were carried out for the detection of microfilaria in 543 Korean reared German shepherd dogs (255 females and 288 males). Eight y four of the 543 dogs (15.5%) showed microfilaria-positive reactions with the modified Knott's test, and the test-positive microfilariae were then examined by both acid phosphatase staining and PCR analysis. Six (7.1%) and 17 (20.2%) of the 84 microfilaria-positive sam ples, by the Knott's tests were positive to D. repens by acid-phosphatase staining and in D. repens-specific PCR analysis, respectively. All samples found to be positive by the acid-phosphatase staining were also found to be positive by PCR analysis. Therefore, we conclude that PCR analysis (20.2%) is more valuable for the diagnosis of D. repens infection than acid-phosphatase staining (7.1%) (p<0.001).

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Allergic dermatitis by Dirofilaria repens in a dog: clinical picture and treatment

et al. 2012

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Adult stages of Dirofilaria repens (Nematoda, Filarioidea) reside in the subcutaneous tissues of the definitive or occasional host as dogs, other animals, and humans, and it is transmitted by mosquitoes. Canine infections with adults and circulating larvae of D. repens are often considered asymptomatic, although in some cases, the parasite causes subcutaneous nodules, diffused dermatitis, skin lesions, and itching. This report provides a complete clinical description of an unusual case of allergic diffused dermatitis caused by D. repens in a naturally infected dog and its successful treatment with the use of a spot-on solution containing imidacloprid 10%/moxidectin 2.5%. The dog presented multiple pustules and alopecic areas with lichenification, hyperpigmentation, and erythematous scaling margins without pruritus. Histological examination was compatible with allergic dermatitis. After being unsuccessfully managed for suspected food hypersensitivity, with a significantly worsening of the lesions, a Knott’s analysis detected nematode larvae in the blood. Morphological and molecular identification showed them to be D. repens. The dog was then treated with a single administration of a spot-on formulation containing imidacloprid 10%/moxidectin 2.5%, and the dermatological signs completely resolved within 2 months after treatment. The dog showed no recurrence of the lesions, and no circulating microfilariae were found upon microscopic and molecular examination for six consecutive months after treatment. This report indicates the apparent primary role of D. repens in causing hypersensitivity-like skin disease without pruritus in a dog. It also confirms, as recently shown elsewhere, the efficacy of imidacloprid 10%/moxidectin 2.5% in the treatment of dermatitis caused by D. repens.

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Canine filariasis caused by Dirofilaria repens in southeastern Nigeria

Cited by 22 publications

References 1 publication

Subcutaneous Dirofilaria repens infestation in non-descript canines

Subcutaneous Dirofilaria repens infestation in non-descript canines

Comparison of the Acid-phosphatase Staining and Polymerase Chain Reaction for Detection of Dirofilaria repens Infection in Dogs in Korea

Allergic dermatitis by Dirofilaria repens in a dog: clinical picture and treatment

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