“…EWOM can help create a positive or negative impression of a brand, thus influencing consumer decisions and brand loyalty (Krishnamurthy & Kumar, 2018). Electronic word-of-mouth channels can be opinion platforms, forms, discussion groups, email, forums, blogs, Facebook, Instagram, Twitter, and other social networks (Rathore & Panwar, 2015). Positive E-WOM can produce a good brand image and increase trust and credibility, while negative E-WOM can damage brand reputation (Jalilvand & Samiei, 2012).…”