Caracterização dos solos e serapilheira ao longo do gradiente altitudinal da Mata Atlântica, estado de São Paulo

Martins, Susian Christian; Píccolo, Marisa de Cássia

doi:10.11606/t.64.2010.tde-03052010-104238

Cited by 38 publications

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“…Os dados de solo foram obtidos do trabalho de Martins (2010), que coletou sistematicamente 16 amostras em cada floresta (Restinga e Terras Baixas), nas profundidades 0-5; 5-10; 10-20; 20-30; 30-40; 40-50; 50-75 e 75-100 cm. Para cada uma das profundidades e horizontes, foram obtidos valores para variáveis químicas (Ca, Mg, P, K, Al, S, Na, Capacidade de Troca Catiônica -CTC, Soma de Bases -SB, Saturação por Bases -V% e Saturação por Alumínio -m%) e físicas (areia, silte e argila).…”

Section: Solosunclassified

Florestas de restinga e de terras baixas na planície costeira do sudeste do Brasil: vegetação e heterogeneidade ambiental

et al. 2011

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Foram avaliadas semelhanças florísticas entre duas fisionomias de Floresta Atlântica na região costeira do Brasil, denominadas Floresta de Restinga e Floresta das Terras Baixas. A hipótese era que, devido à diferença nos processos geomorfológicos, essas duas florestas difeririam em variáveis físico-químicas dos solos, composição florística, biomassa aérea e produção de serapilheira. O trabalho foi conduzido em uma área de 1 ha (100 × 100 m) em cada tipo de floresta, no município de Ubatuba, São Paulo. Foram registrados e medidos todos os indivíduos arbóreos com DAP > 4,8 cm e coletadas amostras de solo e serapilheira. As análises de agrupamento e de ordenação indicaram que os solos e principalmente a flora distribuem-se como grupos bem definidos, concordando com a hipótese de distinção entre as duas florestas. A diversidade de espécies foi maior (p < 0.0001) na Floresta de Terras Baixas (H' = 4,00 nats.indivíduo-1) do que na Restinga (H' = 3,38 nats.indivíduo-1). No entanto, a produção de serapilheira e a biomassa não diferiram (p > 0,05) entre as duas florestas. Esse aparente paradoxo poderia ser explicado supondo-se que, uma vez que espécies diferentes consigam se estabelecer na Restinga ou nas Terras Baixas e encontrem um espectro favorável de condições e recursos, elas tenderiam a persistir e se desenvolver naquele local; nesse caso, embora as condições edáficas difiram entre as duas áreas, cada espécie responderia de modo particular a essas variações, de modo que as florestas poderiam atingir valores semelhantes de biomassa e produção de serapilheira. É provável que o filtro ambiental condicionado pelos solos esteja sendo importante para a forte separação florística entre essas duas florestas.

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Section: Solosunclassified

Florestas de restinga e de terras baixas na planície costeira do sudeste do Brasil: vegetação e heterogeneidade ambiental

et al. 2011

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“…Compared to other tropical forests in the world (Purbopuspito et al, 2006;Campo et al, 2007;Arnold et al, 2009), soils at the three altitudes of the Brazilian Atlantic Forest have low carbon (C) and nitrogen (N) contents and these nutrients are concentrated in the upper soil layer (up to 10 cm depth), decreasing with depth (Martins, 2010). Soil C and N concentrations and stocks progressively increase along the altitudinal gradient (Table 1).…”

Section: Study Areamentioning

confidence: 99%

Soil-atmosphere exchange of nitrous oxide, methane and carbon dioxide in a gradient of elevation in the coastal Brazilian Atlantic forest

Sousa‐Neto¹,

Carmo

Keller

et al. 2011

Biogeosciences

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Abstract. Soils of tropical forests are important to the global budgets of greenhouse gases. The Brazilian Atlantic Forest is the second largest tropical moist forest area of South America, after the vast Amazonian domain. This study aimed to investigate the emissions of nitrous oxide (N 2 O), carbon dioxide (CO 2 ) and methane (CH 4 ) fluxes along an altitudinal transect and the relation between these fluxes and other climatic, edaphic and biological variables (temperature, fine roots, litterfall, and soil moisture). Annual means of N 2 O flux were 3.9 (± 0.4), 1.0 (± 0.1), and 0.9 (± 0.2) ng N cm −2 h −1 at altitudes 100, 400, and 1000 m, respectively. On an annual basis, soils consumed CH 4 at all altitudes with annual means of −1.0 (± 0.2), −1.8 (± 0.3), and −1.6 (± 0.1) mg m −2 d −1 at 100 m, 400 m and 1000 m, respectively. Estimated mean annual fluxes of CO 2 were 3.5, 3.6, and 3.4 µmol m −2 s −1 at altitudes 100, 400 and 1000 m, respectively. N 2 O fluxes were significantly influenced by soil moisture and temperature. Soil-atmosphere exchange of CH 4 responded to changes in soil moisture. Carbon dioxide emissions were strongly influenced by soil temperature. While the temperature gradient observed at our sites is only an imperfect proxy for climatic warming, our results suggest that an increase in air and soil temperatures may result in increases in decomposition rates and gross inorganic nitrogen fluxes that could support consequent increases in soil N 2 O and CO 2 emissions and soil CH 4 consumption.

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“…Apresenta textura franco-argilo-arenosa com pH muito baixo nos primeiros 10 cm (3,5 CaCl 2 ) e baixa fertilidade, com elevados níveis de alumínio em todos os perfis (0 a 100 cm de profundidade) (Martins, 2010). Seguindo a classificação dada por Veloso et al (1991), a região pertence ao grupo de formação Floresta Montana, que abaixo dos 23° de latitude no estado de São Paulo ocorre entre 500 e 1500 m de altitude.…”

Section: Introductionunclassified

Composição e similaridade florística entre duas áreas de Floresta Atlântica Montana, São Paulo, Brasil

et al. 2011

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composition and similaritie between areas of Montane Atlantic Rainforest, São Paulo, Brazil. Biota Neotrop. 11(2): http:// www.biotaneotropica.org.br/v11n2/en/abstract?article+bn02811022011 Abstract: The study was conducted in two areas of Montana Atlantic Rainforest at Núcleo Santa Virgínia, Serra do Mar State Park, Brazil. The aim was to investigate structural and floristic composition of each area and the differences between them, knowing that one has not been disturbed recently and the other was subjected to selective logging until 1970, as reported by local people. We installed two 1 ha (PLOT K and PLOT N), approximately 4 km away from each other, and within this plots all individuals with DBH ≥ 4.8 cm were recorded. Considering the two plots we sampled 3,503 individuals (2,269 trees -64.7%; 860 palms -24.5%; and 159 ferns -4.5%), distributed in 265 species and 51 families. The rest (215 individuals) was dead. Among the most abundant families (Arecaceae, Myrtaceae, Lauraceae, Cyatheaceae) Monimiaceae is the only one classified as typical of the Montane Ombrophylus Dense Atlantic Forest. Euterpe edulis Mart. (Arecaceae) is the dominant species in PLOT K (old), where we recorded 1,852 individuals, 189 species and 43 families, with Myrtaceae (48), Lauraceae (26) and Monimiaceae (13) presenting the higher number of species. It is important to mention that clumps of a native bamboo (Merostachys neesii Ruprecht, Poaceae) are present in 93 of the 100 subparcels of PLOT K, summing up 3,813 culms. In contrast, in PLOT N (secondary) where palm heart (Euterpe edulis) is also the dominant species but bamboos are not so conspicuous, we recorded 1436 individuals, 149 species and 40 families, with Myrtaceae (27), Lauraceae (15) and Fabaceae (eight) being the ones with higher number of species. In the plot of secondary forest (N) Shannon's diversity index (H' = 4.05 ) and the eveness index (J ' = 0.8) are higher than those recorded in the old plot of forest (K) where H' = 3,72 nats.ind -1 and J' = 0.7. Plots K and N have a low similarity (Jaccard index C J = 0,3), with only 94 species (34,47%) in common, and 102 (38,5%) occurring exclusively in PLOT K. However, the maximum estimate of species expected at the point of rarefaction of PLOT N (IC 95% -158.54) overlaps with the minimum estimate of species at the same point of PLOT K (95% -157.12), showing that the number of species of both areas would be equivalent in the number of 1,420 individuals. Although the largest tree sampled was found in PLOT K, where forest stratification is more evident, there is no significant difference between the sums of basal area of living individuals. Considering the disturbance history of the region, the results suggest that forest structure recovery may occur within 25 years but, as shown by the total number of species and by the diversity parameters determined, species richness does not recover within this time frame. Resumo: O trabalho foi desenvolvido em duas parcelas de 1 ha de Floresta Ombrófila Densa Montana do Núcleo Santa Virgínia, P...

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Caracterização dos solos e serapilheira ao longo do gradiente altitudinal da Mata Atlântica, estado de São Paulo

Cited by 38 publications

References 0 publications

Florestas de restinga e de terras baixas na planície costeira do sudeste do Brasil: vegetação e heterogeneidade ambiental

Florestas de restinga e de terras baixas na planície costeira do sudeste do Brasil: vegetação e heterogeneidade ambiental

Soil-atmosphere exchange of nitrous oxide, methane and carbon dioxide in a gradient of elevation in the coastal Brazilian Atlantic forest

Composição e similaridade florística entre duas áreas de Floresta Atlântica Montana, São Paulo, Brasil

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