Carbazole and thienyl benzo[1,2,5]thiadiazole based polymers with improved open circuit voltages and processability for application in solar cells

Huang, Yi; Al-Faifi, Solyman; Iraqi, Ahmed; Watters, Darren C.; Kingsley, James; Lidzey, David G.

doi:10.1039/c1jm12089a

Cited by 90 publications

(107 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“…In PPA-DTBX solution, the ratio of Abs-D=Abs-A further decreases to 0.6. Similar absorption behaviors could be found for lowbandgap polycarbazoles, 43,44 with DTBT and DTBX as the A units. For PPA-p-DTQ and PPA-m-DTQ, however, Abs-D 45,46 Abs-D values could be slightly higher than the Abs-A.…”

Section: Uv-vis Absorption and Energy Levelsupporting

confidence: 72%

“…For D-A copolymers, intramolecular charge transfer (ICT) of the D and A units would contribute greatly for the p-p* transition. Additionally, the peak positions of the PA segment absorptions of the polymers are very close to those of 2,7-fluorene 39,41,42 and 2,7-carbazole [43][44][45][46] in D-A alternating copolymers. As can be observed from Figure 1(a), the absorbances of the first bands of the four polymers could show obvious difference when compared with those of the second band.…”

Section: Uv-vis Absorption and Energy Levelmentioning

confidence: 71%

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Donor–acceptor copolymers based on phenanthrene as electron‐donating unit: Synthesis and photovoltaic performances

Chen

Cai

Zhang

et al. 2013

J. Polym. Sci. Part A: Polym. Chem.

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Using 9,10-bis(dodecyloxy)phenanthrene as electrondonating unit and 4,7-dithienyl-5,6-bis(dodecyloxy)benzothiadiazole, 4,7-dithienyl-5,6-bis(octyloxy)benzoxadiazole, 5,8-dithienyl-2,3-bis(para-octyloxyphenyl)quinoxaline, and 5,8-dithienyl-2,3-bis(meta-octyloxyphenyl)quinoxaline as electron-accepting unit, four D-A copolymers PPA-DTBT, PPA-DTBX, PPA-p-DTQ, and PPA-m-DTQ, respectively, were successfully synthesized as new polymeric donors for photovoltaic cells. All the alternating copolymers can show two absorption bands, both in solutions and thin films. The optical bandgaps of the polymers are quite close, which are between 1.93 and 2.00 eV. The HOMO and LUMO levels of the polymers are also comparable of 25.52 6 0.03 eV and 23.57 6 0.03 eV, respectively. Thus, using the dialkoxyphenanthrene as the D unit could afford D-A copolymers with deep-lying HOMO levels, which would be an important factor to achieve high open-circuit voltages (V oc ) in bulkheterojunction solar cells. With the copolymers as the donor and PC 71 BM as the acceptor, the resulting solar cells could display good V oc between 0.86 and 0.88 V. Among the four copolymers, PPA-DTBT containing the dialkoxybenzothiadiazole unit showed the best power conversion efficiency of 3.03% because of its relatively higher hole mobility and better phase separation. The results suggest that dialkoxyphenanthrene is a valuable electron-donating unit in the constructions of D-A copolymers for efficient solar cells with high V oc . V C 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Polym. Sci., Part A: Polym. Chem. 2013, 51, 4966-4974

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Section: Uv-vis Absorption and Energy Levelsupporting

confidence: 72%

Section: Uv-vis Absorption and Energy Levelmentioning

confidence: 71%

Donor–acceptor copolymers based on phenanthrene as electron‐donating unit: Synthesis and photovoltaic performances

Chen

Cai

Zhang

et al. 2013

J. Polym. Sci. Part A: Polym. Chem.

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“…The polymer PCDTBT was synthesized according to our previous report [16], and had an M w of 29.3 kDa and a polydispersity of 1.57 as measured by GPC. Figure 1 shows the molecular structure of PCDTBT.…”

Section: Experimental Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Competition between substrate-mediated π-π stacking and surface-mediated Tg depression in ultrathin conjugated polymer films

et al. 2012

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Abstract. We report surface and interface effects in dynamics and chain conformation in the thin film of conjugated polymer PCDTBT. To probe dynamic anomalies, we measure the glass transition temperature (T g ) of PCDTBT films as a function of thickness, and find that there is a significant depression in Tg for films less than 100 nm thick; a result qualitatively similar to that observed in many other polymer film systems. However, for films less than 40 nm, the T g converges to a constant value of 20 K below its bulk value. Grazing incidence X-ray diffraction shows depth-dependent molecular organization that is associated with the unusual thickness-dependent dynamics.

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“…The PCDTBT film showed a strong absorption peak at 403 nm and strong broad absorption band from 560 nm to 590 nm. 14 The blend of PCDTBT:PC 71 BM film showed increased absorption ability from 300 nm to 580 nm due to absorption by PC 71 BM. PEDOT:PSS/PCDTBT:PC 71 BM did not show any specific difference with PCDTBT:PC 71 BM.…”

Section: Optical Characterisation Of Conjugated Polyelectrolytementioning

confidence: 99%

Improved efficiency in organic solar cells via conjugated polyelectrolyte additive in the hole transporting layer

et al. 2016

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An anionic conjugated polyelectrolyte poly[(9,9-bis(4-sulfonatobutyl sodium) fluorene-altphenylene)-ran-(4,7-di-2-thienyl-2,1,3-benzothiadiazole-alt-phenylene)] which exhibits good solubility in water was synthesised via Suzuki-cross coupling. This conjugated polyelectrolyte was used as an additive in the hole transporting layer within organic photovoltaic devices. There is an efficiency gain as a result of an improved carrier generation and charge transport across the interface into the hole transport layer when the work function of the hole transport later is well matched to the active layer of the solar cell. The best performances were achieved using 5 mg/ml of the polyelectrolyte additive added to the hole transport layer solution in which case the average power conversion efficiency increased from 4.63 % for reference devices without any additive to 5.26 % when the additive is present which is a 13 % improvement. The reproducibility of device performance was also significantly improved with the variation in fill factor, short circuit current and open circuit voltage all improving when the additive is present.

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Carbazole and thienyl benzo[1,2,5]thiadiazole based polymers with improved open circuit voltages and processability for application in solar cells

Cited by 90 publications

References 24 publications

Donor–acceptor copolymers based on phenanthrene as electron‐donating unit: Synthesis and photovoltaic performances

Donor–acceptor copolymers based on phenanthrene as electron‐donating unit: Synthesis and photovoltaic performances

Competition between substrate-mediated π-π stacking and surface-mediated Tg depression in ultrathin conjugated polymer films

Improved efficiency in organic solar cells via conjugated polyelectrolyte additive in the hole transporting layer

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